Articles: nerve-block.
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The incidence of conduction block by lidocaine 0.3 mmol/l (8.1 mg/dl) in several successive lengths of individual afferent axons of rabbit was compared. The conduction velocity of the axons was either "slow," "intermediate" (1.3-4 m/s), or "fast." The "intermediate" group showed a higher incidence of proximal acceleration of conduction (P less than 0.001) and a greater incidence of block (P less than 0.001) than the "slow" and "fast" fiber groups. The results were interpreted as indicating that the fibers of the "intermediate" group had an unmyelinated peripheral and a myelinated proximal length, with a junctional heminodal region that was the seat of the high sensitivity to block. The potential clinical significance of the observation is discussed in terms of the known distribution of heminodes in the peripheral nervous system.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1985
Multiple intercostal blocks by a single injection? A clinical and radiological investigation.
Three different techniques for producing multiple intercostal nerve blocks using bupivacaine were compared in volunteers. The techniques used were multiple injections at intercostal nerves 7-11, or a single injection employing a needle or a catheter inserted in the 9th intercostal space. The injections were made at the costal angle. ⋯ The distribution of cutaneous analgesia was limited to three segments or less following a single injection. No difference in blood levels of bupivacaine could be found. It is concluded that the single injection technique of producing multiple intercostal nerve blocks is inferior to the multiple injection technique.
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The currently available methods for local anaesthetic block of the sciatic nerve are difficult to perform. Here we describe a new and easier technique for the block. ⋯ The technique was found to be safe and effective in over 100 cases. It can be learnt quickly and is easily remembered.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesia following femoral neck surgery. Lateral cutaneous nerve block as an alternative to narcotics in the elderly.
In a prospective controlled randomised trial on patients undergoing operative repair of fractured neck of femur via a lateral incision, the postoperative analgesic requirements of one group of patients who received a lateral cutaneous nerve block were compared with a second group who received no block. The former group were found to need significantly less intramuscular pethidine in the first 24 hours, and 44% required no supplementary analgesia whatsoever during this period. The time to first dose of opioid in the remainder was greatly increased. No untoward sequelae associated with the nerve block were seen.
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Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. · Jul 1985
Case ReportsPeripheral facial nerve paralysis after local dental anesthesia.
An unusual case of unilateral peripheral facial nerve paralysis following local dental anesthesia is reported. The onset of the paralysis was 13 days after the injection, whereas the longest period reported previously was 5 days. The etiology, management, and prognosis are discussed.