Articles: intubation.
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This study was undertaken to determine if epinephrine administered endotracheally is as effective in treating anaphylactic shock as is intravenously administered epinephrine. An animal model of anaphylactic shock was produced in anesthetized dogs by the intravenous administration of histamine phosphate. Both the endotracheal and intravenous routes of epinephrine administration resulted in efficient and effective reversal of histamine-induced hypotension. At the doses employed, the intravenous administration of epinephrine resulted in the production of significantly (p less than 0.05) greater numbers of ventricular cardiac arrhythmias than did the endotracheal route of administration.
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An introducer to facilitate nasotracheal intubation is described. The instrument is passed orally and a distal hook engages in the Murphy foramen of a P. V. C. nasal tube to direct it atraumatically into the trachea.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Nov 1979
Measurement of ventilatory reserve as an indicator for early extubation after cardiac operation.
The decision to perform tracheal extubation in 44 patients who underwent cardiac operation was based on an assessment of mental alertness, recovery of muscle strength, hemodynamic stability, and adequacy of pulmonary gas exchange. No patients required reintubation. ⋯ By generally accepted criteria, these measurements suggested the need for continuing mechanical ventilation in 14 patients at the time mechanical ventilatory support was removed and in eight patients at the time of tracheal extubation. In this study, consideration of measurements of VC and PImax would have led to longer trachael intubation, especially in those patients who were extubated within 10 hours of the completion of anesthesia.