Articles: acute-pain.
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Abdominal pain is a key symptom of inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, for which there are inadequate therapeutic options. We tested whether olorinab-a highly selective, full agonist of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2)-reduced visceral hypersensitivity in models of colitis and chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH). In rodents, colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of nitrobenzene sulfonic acid derivatives. ⋯ By contrast, olorinab did not alter VMRs nor nociceptor responsiveness in control animals. Cannabinoid receptor 2 mRNA was detected in colonic tissue, particularly within epithelial cells, and dorsal root ganglia, with no significant differences between healthy, colitis, and CVH states. These results demonstrate that olorinab reduces visceral hypersensitivity through CB2 agonism in animal models, suggesting that olorinab may provide a novel therapy for inflammatory bowel disease- and irritable bowel syndrome-associated abdominal pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Ultrasonic Penetration with Volatile Oil of Olibanum and Chuanxiong Rhizoma on Acute Knee Synovitis Induced by Sports Training: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Study.
Knee synovitis is a common sports injury. We proposed the use of UTVOR, which is a combination of the use of volatile oil of Olibanum (VOO) and volatile oil of Chuanxiong Rhizoma (VOCR) and conventional ultrasound (US) therapy, to treat knee synovitis. Design, Setting, Participants, and Interventions. Participants were randomly assigned into a control group (conventional US therapy group) and a test group (UTVOR group). The control group received conventional US therapy with a coupling agent as the medium. The test group received a revised US therapy with VOO and VOCR as media. Both groups were treated once per day for three consecutive days. Main Outcome Measures. The subjects' Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, Lysholm knee score, knee swelling degree, circumference, and range of motion of the knee joint were evaluated before the first treatment and 24 h after the third treatment. The VAS pain score was considered the primary outcome, while the three other measurements were regarded as the secondary outcomes. An adverse event was reported subjectively and recorded. ⋯ UTVOR had a superior analgesic effect to conventional US therapy in the male population, but its effects on alleviating joint function, swelling, and range of motion were comparable to that of conventional US therapy. Our study found that UTVOR can be an effective method to reduce pain and treat knee synovitis, and it is subjectively safe. Trial registration. This study was registered under the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Trial Registration Number: ChiCTR2000035671).
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To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of tapentadol immediate-release (IR) versus oxycodone IR for post-operative pain after a major hip surgery. ⋯ Tapentadol IR may be more cost-effective than oxycodone IR for the treatment of acute postoperative pain after major hip surgeries.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pain response to cannabidiol in induced acute nociceptive pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia by using a model mimicking acute pain in healthy adults in a randomized trial (CANAB I).
Preclinical studies have demonstrated the analgesic potential of cannabidiol (CBD). Those suggesting an effect on pain-processing receptors have brought CBD back into focus. This study assessed the effect of CBD on acute pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia compared with placebo. ⋯ Pain ratings (mean ± SD) did not differ significantly after CBD application compared with placebo (5.2 ± 0.7 vs 5.3 ± 0.7, P-value 0.928), neither did the areas of hyperalgesia and allodynia differ significantly after CBD application compared with placebo (hyperalgesia 23.9 ± 19.2 cm2 vs 27.4 ± 17.0 cm2, P-value 0.597; allodynia 16.6 ± 13.1 cm2 vs 17.3 ± 14.1 cm2, P-value 0.884). The CBD whole blood level (median, first to third quartile) was 2.0 µg/L (1.5-5.1) 60 minutes and 5.0 µg/L (4.0-10.4) 130 minutes after CBD application. Although the oral application of 800-mg CBD failed to show a significant effect, it is important to focus future research on different dosing, routes of administration, and CBD as a part of multimodal treatment strategies before negating its effects on acute pain.