Articles: sepsis.
-
Septic shock (SS) is a potential life-threatening condition in which an early identification and immediate therapy stand out as the main cornerstones to improve survival chance; in this context, emergency medical services (EMS) become key to reduce the time between diagnosis and management in the ICU or emergency department. However, guidelines for the prehospital management of SS patients remains unclear, and literature around this topic is scant. Our scoping review was conducted following the PICO framework and a search strategy related to septic shock management and diagnosis in prehospital settings was executed in PubMed, Scopus and Virtual Health Library; articles in English and Spanish from 2015, onwards, were screened by the authors and selected by mutual consensus. Our aim is to analyze the prehospital management strategies of SS reported in the literature, and to showcase and summarize the screening tools, demographic factors, clinical manifestations and prognostic factors of SS in the prehospital setting.
-
Infection and coagulation dysfunction are two major features of sepsis, and TFPI2 exhibits both antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties. This study aims to evaluate whether TFPI2 is associated with the severity of sepsis, thereby determining its potential value in sepsis diagnosis and prognosis. ⋯ This study indicates that serum TFPI2 levels hold promise as a biomarker for predicting the severity of sepsis.
-
Coagulation plays a crucial role in innate immune response to invasive infections. Coagulative biomarkers might predict clinical outcomes differently, depending on etiology. ⋯ For invasive infections caused by N. meningitidis, D-dimer is a biomarker capable of predicting unfavorable clinical outcomes; a potential role is suggested for aPTT prolongation and protein C decrease, and, in case of S. pneumoniae infections, for antithrombin decrease.
-
Severely burned patients exhibit increased nutritional requirements and are at high risk of developing sepsis. Selenium is an essential trace element supporting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, mediated by incorporation into selenoproteins. The selenium status may affect sepsis risk in burn injury. ⋯ Considering its rapid decline following severe burn injury, the assessment of serum selenoprotein P upon admission may contribute to an early prediction of sepsis risk.