Articles: chronic.
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Metabolomic evaluation of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway secretions could identify metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in neutrophilic airway inflammation that could serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. ⋯ MS metabolomics identified multiple metabolic pathways associated with neutrophilic airway inflammation. These findings provide insight into disease pathophysiology and can serve as the basis for developing disease biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for airways diseases.
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Critical care medicine · Aug 2015
Effects of Inspiratory Pressure Rise Time and Hypoxic or Hypercapnic Breathing on Inspiratory Laryngeal Constrictor Muscle Activity During Nasal Pressure Support Ventilation.
We previously reported the development of an active inspiratory laryngeal narrowing against ventilator insufflations when inspiratory pressure is increased during nasal pressure support ventilation in lambs. The present study aimed to further understand the factors involved in this inspiratory laryngeal narrowing. More specifically, we tested the hypothesis that a short inspiratory pressure rise time or a low PaCO2 level promotes inspiratory laryngeal narrowing observed in nasal pressure support ventilation. The effect of hypoxia was also assessed. ⋯ Active inspiratory laryngeal narrowing during nasal pressure support ventilation is not altered by inspiratory rise times ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 s or by moderate hypoxia, whereas a moderate increase in PaCO2 abolishes this activity.
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The current study was aimed at evaluating the antihyperalgesic effects of lignans (phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin) and tannin (corilagin) rich three standardized extracts of Phyllanthus amarus in a model of chronic musculoskeletal inflammatory pain. Three percent carrageenan injected in the gastrocnemius muscle produced hyperalgesia to mechanical and heat stimuli ipsilaterally, which spreads to the contralateral side within 7 to 9 days. ⋯ In conclusion, we strongly suggest that the observed antihyperalgesic and antiinflammatory effects of P. amarus in current pain model are mediated via spinal or supraspinal neuronal mechanisms, mainly by inhibition of PGE2. Modulation of chronic muscular inflammation may be due to presence of phytoconstituents like phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and corilagin, which offers a promising means for treatment of chronic muscle pain.