Articles: emergency-medical-services.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Early "step-down" transfer of low-risk patients with chest pain. A controlled interventional trial.
To determine whether providing private practitioners with triage criteria for their low-risk chest pain patients would safely enhance bed utilization efficiency in coronary and intermediate care units. ⋯ The early transfer triage criteria may be a safe and efficacious decision aid for improving bed utilization in intermediate and coronary care units. In addition, this study shows the feasibility of and potential benefits from applying practice guidelines at a community hospital.
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A 1-year prospective review of 78 multiply injured patients initially treated at local community hospitals and subsequently transported more than 25 miles to a referral trauma center was completed. Injury mechanisms were blunt in 74 (95%) patients and penetrating in four. Patient ages ranged from 6 to 88 years (mean, 33 years). ⋯ Increased emphasis on stabilization and transport should be added to ATLS training courses. Established transport protocols between institutions would enhance the quality of care and engender improved interhospital communication. The implementation of trauma systems designed specifically for rural areas must be supported.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Aug 1990
Comparative StudyA comparison of emergency medical helicopter accident rates in the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany.
The purpose of this study was to compare accident rates of helicopter emergency medical services (USA-HEMS) to domestic air taxi service (USA-Taxi) and helicopter emergency medical services in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG-HEMS). Contingency tables compared the total hours flown to the number of fatal and non-fatal accidents for USA-HEMS (1982-7) vs. USA-Taxi (1980-5) and USA-HEMS (1982-7) vs. ⋯ This was significantly different from the USA-Taxi overall accident rate of 6.7/100,000 h and the fatal accident rate of 1.6/100,000 h (chi 2 = 20.441, p = 0.0001). The USA-HEMS overall and fatal accident rates were not significantly different than the FRG-HEMS overall (10.9/100,000 h) and fatal (4.1/100,000 h) accident rate (chi 2 = 0.061, p = 0.97). These data suggest that emergency air transport is inherently more risky than routine air taxi services.
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Most rural EMS aeromedical transport studies have been based on distances of less than 100 miles. No current published studies exist evaluating long-distance transports. A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients transported from southeast Alaska to Seattle, Washington, by an intensive care air ambulance over a five-year period (1982-1986). ⋯ Patient flights were categorized using previously published criteria as "essential" to survival in 27% of the cases, "helpful" in 55%, and "noncontributory" in 18%. This study presents a profile of patients injured in remote areas who require stabilization by rural, often nonsurgical physicians and face long-distance transfers before reaching definitive care. Health-care systems in sparsely populated areas may use this study as a reference for comparing trauma outcomes and quality of care in long-distance air transport.