Articles: function.
-
Review
A review of physiological functions of orexin: From instinctive responses to subjective cognition.
Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is an excitatory neuropeptide secreted by the hypothalamus. Orexin is divided into orexin-A (OXA) and orexin-B (OXB), which are derived from a common precursor secreted by hypothalamic neurons. Orexin acts on orexin receptor-1 (OX1R) and orexin receptor-2 (OX2R). ⋯ It is precisely because orexin has physiological functions in multiple systems that orexin, as a new target for the treatment of the above diseases, has potential contradictions. For example, it promotes the function of 1 system and may inhibit the function of another system. How to study a new drug, which can not only treat the diseases of this system, but also do not affect other system functions, is what we need to focus on.
-
Patients with Trousseau syndrome, a common complication of advanced cancer, typically have poor survival. For that reason, there is a need to determine the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment and develop a comprehensive treatment strategy earlier than that in the general stroke population. We investigated the relationship between physical function and its outcome 1 month after the start of intensive rehabilitation treatment in patients with Trousseau syndrome, to obtain insights for determining the indications for intensive rehabilitation in these patients. ⋯ Intensive rehabilitation therapy may be indicated for patients with Trousseau syndrome who are expected to improve physical function after approximately 1 month of rehabilitation. Palliative care should be considered if recovery is inadequate.
-
Multicenter Study Observational Study
Analysis of effectiveness and outcome of traumatic brain injury treatment in ED during COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter in Taiwan.
The coronavirus disease 2019 has become a threat to global healthcare because of its rapid spread and evolution. In severe cases, the initial management of the disease is mainly supportive therapy and mechanical ventilation. Therefore, we investigated whether a modified emergency department workflow affects the efficacy will influence the efficacy and patient outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Taiwan. ⋯ The "Door to the operating room (OR)," with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, was on average 109.7 minutes slower than without the PCR testing in the reference period 2019. TBI treatment efficiency was delayed because of the PCR test. However, the surgical volume and functional outcome during these 2 periods were statistically insignificant compared to the pre-pandemic period because the spread of the virus was well controlled and hospital capacity was increased.
-
Review Case Reports
Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with a grossly visible, completely developed intestinal loop: A case report and review of the literature.
The mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO), is composed of mature differentiated elements, thus showing highly differentiated tissue and highly morphological heterogeneity. Although gastrointestinal epithelium can be identified in 7% to 13% of cases of MCTO, the occurrence of visible, functional, and fully developed loop tissue is rare in clinical practice. ⋯ The immune signature of CK7-/CK20+ is characteristic of tumors of gastrointestinal origin and can be used to distinguish tumors associated with mature cystic teratoma. Besides, gynecologists should keep an eye on the possibility of malignant transformation malignant transformation of MCTO.
-
Falls are a major concern for people of all ages, especially older adults with declining physical functions and deteriorating muscle strength. The Five Times Sit to Stand Test is used for the assessment of lower limb strength along with balance and postural control. Therefore, the systematic review at hand aimed to determine the optimal procedure and characteristics among older adults. ⋯ The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test is a safe test, providing added value to apply risk for falls in people at moderate risk and in healthy populations using standardized chair heights and stopwatches.