Articles: function.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 2016
Protection of Brain Injury by Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Secreted Metabolites.
To define the features of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell secretome and its protective properties in experimental models of acute brain injury. ⋯ Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell-secreted factors protect the brain after acute injury. Importantly, a fraction rich in metabolites, and containing neither proteic nor ribonucleic molecules was protective. This study indicates the profiling of protective factors that could be useful in cell-free therapeutic approaches for acute brain injury.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Nov 2016
Serum S100β as a prognostic marker in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.
The serum concentration of S100β protein reportedly predicts outcomes after brain injury. We examined the prognostic accuracy of S100β in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. ⋯ Serum S100β concentration corresponds with the severity of neurological insult and predicts poor outcome in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2016
δGABAA Receptors Are Necessary for Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus: Implications for Memory Behavior.
Extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors that contain the δ subunit (δGABAA receptors) contribute to memory performance. Dysregulation of δGABAA receptor expression, which occurs in some neurological disorders, is associated with memory impairment. Mice lacking δGABAA receptors (Gabrd) exhibit deficits in their ability to distinguish between similar memories, a process which is referred to as pattern separation. The CA3 and dentate gyrus subfields of the hippocampus regulate pattern separation, raising the possibility that synaptic plasticity is impaired in these regions in Gabrd mice. Although long-term potentiation (LTP), the most widely studied form of synaptic plasticity, is normal in the dentate gyrus of Gabrd mice, LTP in the CA3 subfield has not been studied. Here, we tested the hypothesis that LTP is reduced in the CA3 subfield of Gabrd mice. ⋯ Both genetic deletion and pharmacological blockade of δGABAA receptors impair MF-CA3 LTP, suggesting that δGABAA receptors are necessary for synaptic plasticity in the CA3 subfield. Drugs that enhance δGABAA receptor function may reverse deficits in synaptic plasticity in the CA3 subfield and improve pattern separation in neurological disorders.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialTransversus abdominis plane block or intravenous lignocaine in open prostate surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) and intravenous lignocaine are two analgesic techniques frequently used after abdominal surgery. We hypothesized that these two techniques improve post-operative analgesia after open prostate surgery and sought to compare their efficacy on immediate post-operative outcome after open prostate surgery. ⋯ Our study suggests that TAP block and intravenous lignocaine do not improve the post-operative analgesia provided by systematic administration of paracetamol after open prostatectomy.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyMetabolic Acidosis Assessment in High-Risk Surgeries: Prognostic Importance.
Metabolic acidosis frequently is present in surgical patients; however, different types of metabolic acidosis (hyperlactatemia, hyperchloremia, and others) may have different relationships to perioperative outcomes. We hypothesized that in postoperative surgical patients, distinctive types of metabolic acidosis would correlate differently with the outcomes of high-risk surgeries. ⋯ We found that among patients with different types of acidosis, patients who developed hyperlactatemic metabolic acidosis postoperatively showed greater rates of renal dysfunction within 7 days and hyperlactatemic acidosis represented an independent factor on 30-day mortality in high-risk surgical patients.