Articles: prospective-studies.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2017
ReviewSystematic review: benefits and harms of transarterial embolisation for treating hepatocellular adenoma.
Transarterial embolisation (TAE) is a standard treatment for bleeding hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and, occasionally, symptomatic HCA involving large tumours. Whether TAE is similarly safe and effective as an elective treatment for bleeding and nonbleeding HCA remains unclear. ⋯ The available evidence suggests that TAE can be considered safe for elective managment of HCA as well as for management of bleeding HCA. Elective TAE can be regarded as a reasonable alternative to surgery. High-quality prospective studies with long-term follow-up are needed to corroborate and strengthen available evidence.
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Review Meta Analysis
Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Many adverse health outcomes are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). ⋯ There is uncertainty about the accuracy or clinical utility of all potential screening tools. Multiple treatments for OSA reduce AHI, ESS scores, and blood pressure. Trials of CPAP and other treatments have not established whether treatment reduces mortality or improves most other health outcomes, except for modest improvement in sleep-related quality of life.
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Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital anomalies in the United States. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation is a primary care-relevant preventive intervention. ⋯ In studies conducted before the initiation of food fortification in the United States in 1998, folic acid supplementation provided protection against neural tube defects. Newer postfortification studies have not demonstrated a protective association but have the potential for misclassification and recall bias, which can attenuate the measured association of folic acid supplementation with neural tube defects.
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Review Meta Analysis
Differing association of alcohol consumption with different stroke types: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Whether light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is protective against stroke, and whether any association differs by stroke type, is controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence from prospective studies on alcohol drinking and stroke types. ⋯ Light and moderate alcohol consumption was inversely associated only with ischemic stroke, whereas heavy drinking was associated with increased risk of all stroke types with a stronger association for hemorrhagic strokes.
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Review Meta Analysis
Dietary Protein Sources and Incidence of Breast Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.
Protein is important to the human body, and different sources of protein may have different effects on the risk of breast cancer. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between different dietary protein sources and breast cancer risk. PubMed and several databases were searched until December 2015. ⋯ Similar conclusions were obtained in dose-response association for each serving increase: total red meat (RR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14, I² = 7.1%), fresh red meat (RR: 1.13; 95% CI 1.01-1.26, I² = 56.4%), processed meat (RR: 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.17, I² = 11.8%), soy food (RR: 0.91; 95% CI 0.84-1.00, I² = 0%), and skim milk (RR: 0.96; 95% CI 0.92-1.00, I² = 11.9%). There was a null association between poultry, fish, egg, nuts, total milk, and whole milk intake and breast cancer risk. Higher total red meat, fresh red meat, and processed meat intake may be risk factors for breast cancer, whereas higher soy food and skim milk intake may reduce the risk of breast cancer.