Articles: opioid.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized Controlled Study in the Use of Aromatherapy for Pain Reduction and to Reduce Opioid Use in the Emergency Department.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aromatherapy on emergency department patients' perception of pain and its ability to reduce the use of opioids in an emergency department. ⋯ This study supported what other studies have found, indicating that aromatherapy is effective in reducing pain. A difference between the placebo effect and a true therapeutic effect was seen by using a control group apart from the sham and therapeutic groups. Despite the small effect size (0.3), implementation of aromatherapy into standard practice may be practical considering the anxiolytic effects that have been shown in other studies. Aromatherapy with essential oils should be considered as another tool to use in a multimodal approach in the treatment of pain in the emergency department setting.
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Annals of Saudi medicine · Nov 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialRebound pain after interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder surgery: a randomized clinical trial of the effect of different multimodal analgesia regimens.
Rebound pain is characterized by sudden, significant acute postoperative pain occurring after the resolution of inter-scalene block (ISB); it affects the quality of recovery postoperatively. Dexamethasone increases ISB resolution time and decreases opioid consumption and the incidence of rebound pain. ⋯ Single-center study.
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Patients with blunt thoracic trauma requiring surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) frequently experience severe pain. Further, a rising prevalence of opioid-tolerant patients sustain traumatic injuries. The optimal pain management adjunct for concurrent use with SSRF remains uncertain. This study compared outcomes in patients undergoing SSRF with concomitant cryonerve block (CryoNB) or ropivacaine 0.2% elastomeric infusion pump (EIP). ⋯ The addition of intercostal CryoNB as an adjunct to multimodal pain management in trauma patients undergoing surgical fixation of rib fractures may be of benefit. Based on our early data, this technique appears to be promising in reducing opioid requirements and providing an extended duration of pain control without increased costs or complications.
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Retrospective cohort study. ⋯ Patients receiving greater amounts of nonopioid intraoperative medications utilized 20% fewer postoperative morphine milligram equivalents, were discharged 22.3 hours earlier and had earlier recorded evidence of mobility. Postoperatively, nonopioid analgesics were as effective as opioids in the reduction of subjective pain ratings. This study further demonstrates the efficacy of multimodal pain management regimens in pediatric patients receiving PSF for AIS.
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This systematic review evaluates the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in India. In addition, we selectively examined research on opioid substitution treatment (OST)-related services due to their role in antiviral treatment uptake and adherence. ⋯ There is a lack of sufficiently granular and generalizable estimates for HIV prevalence and any estimates for HCV and HBV among PWIDs in large parts of the country. Community-based representative studies are required to quantify the prevalence and severity of these diseases and allocate resources.