Articles: opioid.
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Despite concerns about long-term dependence, opioids remain the mainstay of treatment for acute pain from traumatic injuries. Additionally, early pain management has been associated with improved long-term outcomes in injured patients. We sought to identify the patterns of prehospital pain management across the United States. ⋯ The use of opioids in the prehospital setting significantly reduced pain among injured patients with few adverse events. Despite its efficacy and safety, the majority of patients with major injuries and severe pain do not receive opioid analgesia in the prehospital setting.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Sep 2022
ReviewPRO AND CONTRA ON ADJUVANTS TO NEUROAXIAL ANESTHESIA AND PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS.
Modern approach in surgical treatment and in managing acute and chronic pain is nowadays more and more based on the implementation of all possible techniques of regional anesthesia (RA). Local anesthetics (LA) are needed to achieve standard regional anesthesia. Local anesthetics are primarily characterized by time constraints and duration of action, and depending on the amount applied, adverse effects on the cardiac and central nervous system may occur. ⋯ So, their usage is still under a special control. Due to the positive effects shown by drugs from non-opioid adjuvants group (e.g. adrenaline, alpha adrenergic agonists, steroids, magnesium, midazolam, ketamine etc.), indications for their administration broadened. However, there are still some restrains in clinical practice based on the fact that neurotoxicity and demonstration of neurological complications in regional anesthesia haven't been properly researched yet.
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Review Meta Analysis
Comparative benefits and harms of individual opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials.
Most systematic reviews of opioids for chronic pain have pooled treatment effects across individual opioids under the assumption they provide similar benefits and harms. We examined the comparative effects of individual opioids for chronic non-cancer pain through a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. ⋯ Our findings support the pooling of effect estimates across different types and formulations of opioids to inform effectiveness for chronic non-cancer pain.