Articles: opioid.
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Patients undergoing spine surgery often inaccurately estimate their pain tolerance and postoperative analgesic requirement. We sought to identify an association between patients' self-perceived pain tolerance and postoperative opioid consumption (POC). ⋯ Self-perceived pain tolerance does not appear to predict POC, while younger age and higher preoperative VAS pain scores are related to increased POC. Younger patients who report high pain tolerance appear to consume higher levels of opioids compared with older patients.
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The immune checkpoint programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) plays a critical role in immune regulation. Recent studies have demonstrated functional PD-1 expression in peripheral sensory neurons, which contributes to neuronal excitability, pain, and opioid analgesia. However, the relationship between the expression of soluble programmed cell death-1(sPD-1) and cancer pain is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sPD-1 expression level and cancer pain through meta-analysis. ⋯ DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WDPUY.
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Describe patient attitudes toward opioid treatment agreements (OTAs) and characterize perceptions of their impact on patient care, behavior, communication with prescribers, and engagement with the health care system. ⋯ Patients experienced a wide variety of opioid-related fears and stigmas, including how OTA requirements can perpetuate these issues. Despite these feelings, participants articulated real or potential positive outcomes from the use of OTAs, although they were mixed on whether these agreements translated to any behavior changes. If OTAs are to become standard practice, future research is needed to describe the diversity of patient perspectives and experiences with OTAs and to evaluate their effect on patient outcomes.