Articles: opioid.
-
To what extent is preconception use of pain-relieving medication associated with female fecundability? ⋯ This study was supported through funds provided by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health (R21 HD072326, T32 HD052458). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2017
Oral morphine dosing predictions based on single dose in healthy children undergoing surgery.
Oral morphine has been proposed as an effective and safe alternative to codeine for after-discharge pain in children following surgery but there are few data guiding an optimum safe oral dose. ⋯ Oral morphine 200 mcg·kg(-1) then 100 mcg·kg(-1) 4 h or 150 mcg·kg(-1) 6 h achieves mean concentrations associated with analgesia. There was high serum concentration variability suggesting that respiration may be compromised in some children given these doses.
-
To develop and implement an algorithm for the management of headaches presenting to the emergency department (ED) in order to decrease the frequency of opioid and barbiturate treatment both acutely as well as on discharge. ⋯ A quality improvement pilot study aimed at treating headache in an Emergency Department setting was successfully implemented in a regional Cleveland Clinic Hospital. Our results demonstrated significant decrease in acute treatment with opioids or barbiturates and a decrease in prescriptions written for opioids or barbiturates on discharge. This study is limited by small sample size. More data are needed to determine the reason for 1) increased consultation and subsequent admission after algorithm implementation and 2) decreased scheduled follow-up appointments at one-year post algorithm.
-
Journal of pain research · Jan 2017
Benzodiazepine use in patients with chronic pain in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program.
In the context of widespread opioid use, increased emphasis has been placed on the potentially deleterious effects of concurrent benzodiazepine (BZD) and opioid use. Although use of opioids in chronic pain has been a major focus, BZD use is equally concerning. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to determine the associations between BZD and opioid use in adults with chronic pain upon admission to an outpatient interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation (IPR) program. ⋯ Among patients participating in an outpatient IPR program, female sex and greater depression scores were associated with BZD use. Results identify a high prevalence of BZD use in patients with chronic pain and reinforce the need to weigh the risks versus benefits when prescribing in this patient population.