Articles: cations.
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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, fatal complication of acute cholangitis (AC). The link between AC and AKI is poorly understood. Aims: To delineate the incidence trends, clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization of inpatients with AKI following AC and to explore the risk factors for AKI following AC. ⋯ Female sex, private insurance, elective admission, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were protective factors against AKI in AC patients. Conclusion: AKI often follows AC and is strongly associated with poor prognosis and increased healthcare utilization. Healthcare professionals should make more efforts to identify patients with AC at risk of AKI and start management promptly to limit adverse outcomes.
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We examined de-functionalization and temporal functional recovery of C-nociceptor evoked pain after topical 8% capsaicin applied for 4 consecutive days. ⋯ Sinusoidal electrical stimulation can still activate small diameter axons desensitized to heat after 4 consecutive days of topical 8% capsaicin application and reveals differential temporal functional regeneration of C-nociceptor sub-types. Electrical sinusoidal stimulation may detect such axons that no longer respond to heat stimuli in neuropathic skin.
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Although numerous studies have identified associations between socioeconomic, behavioral, dietary, and physical factors and migraine, the causal nature of these relationships has yet to be adequately established. ⋯ Our study robustly supports the significant causal roles of specific socioeconomic, behavioral, and dietary factors with physical measurement in the development of migraine. Notably, coffee intake, oily fish intake, and educational attainment appear protective, whereas poultry intake and extensive mobile phone use elevate risk. These insights pave the way for developing targeted preventive strategies for migraine.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Feb 2025
ReviewThe autonomous nervous system and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex in postoperative neurocognitive disorders.
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and serious complication after surgery. It is associated with postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PNCD). The vagal cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) has been hypothesized to play a role in POD/PNCD and may be a target for interventions such as transcutaneous auricular stimulation (taVNS). We aim to review associations of heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator of vagal function with POD and postoperative immune reaction as well as taVNS as a potential preventive intervention for POD. ⋯ Our review provides no evidence that CAP suppression is associated with POD/PNCD. Future studies should consider that high vagal tone may also mediate immunosuppression in surgical patients, yielding an increased risk for postoperative infections. Although taVNS is a promising approach to prevent POD/POCD, future studies should take these concerns into account.
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The influence of the age at which complete corpus callosotomy (CC) surgery is performed on seizure outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the age-dependent aspects of long-term seizure outcomes after complete CC. ⋯ Complete CC is an excellent surgical option based on favorable seizure outcomes and acceptable complications in our present study.