Articles: cations.
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Background: With the advancement of medicine and the development of technology, the limiting factors of aeromedical evacuation are gradually decreasing, and the scope of indications is expanding. However, the hypobaric and hypoxic environments experienced by critically ill patients in flight can cause lung injury, leading to inflammation and hypoxemia, which remains one of the few limiting factors for air medical evacuation. This study aimed to examine the mechanism of secondary lung injury in rat models of acute lung injury that simulate aeromedical evacuation. ⋯ Results: Simulated aeromedical evacuation exacerbated pathological damage to lung tissue and increased the release of inflammatory cytokines in serum as well as the reactive oxygen species levels and the protein levels of HIF-1α, BNIP3, and NIX in lung tissue. Pretreatment with dimethyloxalylglycine resulted in increases in the protein expression of HIF-1α, BNIP3, and NIX. Conclusion: Simulated aeromedical evacuation leads to secondary lung injury through mitophagy.