Articles: cations.
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Cations
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Congenital absence of C2 posterior arch may present with C2-C3 dislocation. Previously these cases were managed by fusing occiput-C1-C4 without including C2 in the construct. Such constructs are likely to immobilize the long segment of the cervical spine, and exclusion of C2 may not yield the best result. ⋯ Absence of the posterior arch of axis may be associated with adjacent C1-C2 along with C2-C3 dislocation, so both levels need to be addressed. The radiology should be critically evaluated for other structures developing from the C2 neural arch. It is important to include C2 to achieve a stable construct without compromising adjacent-level mobility.