Articles: cations.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of lymph node yield and the location of nodes on prognosis in patients with distal esophageal or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by transthoracic esophagectomy. ⋯ The present study demonstrates high lymph node yields are possible after transthoracic esophagectomy with en bloc 2-field lymphadenectomy in patients post neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This allows excellent postoperative staging. Furthermore, the extent of lymphadenectomy must be correlated with node location, which may have important implications in patients who have a less extensive lymphadenectomy.
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This study examined outcomes and predictors of different types of responses to child pain used by caregivers of youth with chronic disease. Sixty-six children and adolescents (ages 7-18) with juvenile idiopathic arthritis answered questions about pain, pain interference in activities, and mood on a smartphone three times per day for one month, while a caregiver contemporaneously answered questions about their own mood and use of protecting, monitoring, minimizing, or distracting responses to their child's pain. Multilevel models were used to evaluate (a) how a child's pain and pain interference changes after a caregiver uses different types of pain responses; (b) the extent to which caregiver responses to pain vary across days; and (c) whether variability in caregiver responses to pain is predicted by changes in child pain characteristics, child mood, and/or caregiver mood. ⋯ Caregiver pain responses varied considerably across days, with caregivers responding with more protecting and monitoring responses and fewer minimizing responses at moments when their child reported high levels of pain unpleasantness and pain interference. Caregivers also were found to respond with fewer protective responses at moments when they themselves were in a more positive mood. Implications for clinical recommendations and future studies are discussed.
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The lumbar infusion test (LIT) and tap test (TT) have previously been described for the diagnosis and selection of appropriate surgical candidates in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). ⋯ LIT and TT are complementary and they can easily be combined in sequence with a low complication rate and high probability of selecting patients with iNPH who may benefit from ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.