Articles: cations.
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Semin Respir Crit Care Med · Oct 2024
ReviewLung Transplant for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) carries a high burden of morbidity and mortality to patient and a high cost to health care systems. Lung transplantation is a last resort available for end-stage COPD patients interested in pursuing it and meeting the strict transplant requirements. ⋯ This review will cover history of transplant, indications, candidate selection, evaluation testing, transplant listing, type of transplant (single versus bilateral), posttransplant complications, immunosuppression, and rejection. It is tailored to the COPD patient when applicable; however, many aspects of lung transplantation are shared amongst all lung diseases eligible for transplant.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2024
Observational StudyValidation of a Novel Method for Noninvasive Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Anesthetized Children.
Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO 2 ) is a critical variable in the assessment of oxygen supply and demand but is rarely used in children due to the invasive nature of pulmonary artery catheters. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to investigate the accuracy of noninvasively measured SvO 2 acquired by the novel capnodynamic method, based on differential Fick equation (Capno-SvO 2 ), against gold standard CO-oximetry. ⋯ In conclusion, this first clinical application of a novel concept for noninvasive SvO 2 monitoring without the need for a pulmonary artery catheter indicates that Capno-SvO 2 generates absolute values and trending capacity in close agreement with the gold standard reference method.
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Endovascular embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is sometimes intentionally partial, in the case of staged treatment for instance. Residual AVMs may be prone to angioarchitectural modification during follow-up. The objective of this work is to evaluate the nature and extent of these modifications. ⋯ Angioarchitectural modifications (both progression and regression) of brain AVMs are frequent findings after partial embolization. Nidal volume growth is associated with longer time intervals between embolization and follow-up.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2024
Validation of Math Model Using Porous Media for Determining Alveolar co2 in Ventilated Patients.
To validate a mathematical model using porous media theory for alveolar CO2 determination in ventilated patients. ⋯ The mathematical model shows potential in pulmonary critical care. Although promising, practical application demands further validation, clinician training, and patient-specific adjustments. The path to clinical use will be iterative, involving validation and education.
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Postclipping cerebral infarction (PCI) remains a major concern after treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). However, studies of microsurgical clipping based on diffusion-weighted imaging are limited. We aimed to present the incidence, risk factors, and types of PCI and its radiological and clinical characteristics. ⋯ Microsurgical clipping is a safe and viable option for the treatment of anterior circulation UIAs. However, modification of the surgical technique, preoperative radiological assessment, and patient selection are required to reduce the incidence of PCI.