Articles: cations.
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Pain management is an essential concept to be integrated throughout undergraduate nursing curricula. Many studies have identified a lack of knowledge in pain assessment and management among nurses. Educators have significant roles in preparing students with pain knowledge and application of alternative nonpharmacological pain management techniques. ⋯ Teaching nonpharmacological pain management techniques didactically, in a simulation lab and a supervised clinical setting contributes to students' ability to apply these techniques. The findings of this study have implications for nursing education and students' future clinical practice to foster their utilization of nonpharmacological pain management techniques across all settings.
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Infection of wounds delays healing, increases treatment costs, and leads to major complications. Current methods to manage such infections include antibiotic ointments and antimicrobial wound dressings, both of which have significant drawbacks, including frequent reapplication and contribution to antimicrobial resistance. In this work, we developed wound dressings fabricated with a medical-grade polyurethane coating composed of natural plant secondary metabolites, cinnamaldehyde, and alpha-terpineol. ⋯ Our antimicrobial wound dressings reduced the burden of clinically relevant bacteria more than commercial antimicrobial wound dressings. In an in vivo infected burn wound model, our coatings performed as well or better than bacitracin. We anticipate that our wound dressings would be useful for the treatment of various types of acute and chronic wounds.
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Both abdominal radiotherapy and a nuclear event can result in gastrointestinal symptoms, including acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS). GI-ARS is characterized by compromised intestinal barrier integrity increasing the risk for infectious complications. Physiologically relevant animal models are crucial for elucidating host responses and therapeutic targets. ⋯ Moreover, decedents had increased Porphyromonas, Campylobacter, Bacteroides , Parvimonas , and decreased Fusobacterium and decreased Aerococcus, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Streptococcus. Our novel Sinclair minipig model showed dose-dependent clinical symptoms of GI-ARS. These findings provide invaluable insights into the intricate interplay between GI-ARS, intestinal inflammation, and gut microbiota alterations offering potential targets for therapeutic and diagnostic interventions after radiation exposure.
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Meta Analysis
The prevalence of chronic pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review update and meta-analysis.
Chronic pain, defined as persistent or recurring pain or pain lasting longer than 3 months, is a common childhood problem. The objective of this study was to conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of chronic pain (ie, overall, headache, abdominal pain, back pain, musculoskeletal pain, multisite/general pain, and other) in children and adolescents. EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for publications between January 1, 2009, and June 30, 2023. ⋯ Overall risk of bias was low to moderate. In summary, approximately 1 in 5 children and adolescents experience chronic pain and prevalence varies by pain type; for most types, there is higher pain prevalence among girls than among boys. Findings echo and expand upon the systematic review conducted in 2011.
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Academic global surgery consists of collaborative partnerships that address surgical inequities through research, training, education, advocacy, and diplomacy. It has been characterized by increased scholastic production through global surgery publications, dedicated global surgery sessions within scientific conferences, global surgery-specific research grants, database development to support global surgery research, global surgery research fellowships, and global surgery-based academic promotion paradigms. The increased emphasis on global surgery research has been accompanied by multiple ethical challenges. This article reviews critical ethical dilemmas presented by global surgery research efforts and proposes interventions on the partnership, infrastructural, and policy levels to enhance fidelity within research partnerships.