Articles: cations.
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Given the increasing rate of obesity, the effects of excessive body weight on surgical outcomes constitute a relevant quality of care concern. Our aim was to determine the relationship between preoperative body mass index (BMI) on perioperative complications after esophagectomy for cancer. ⋯ In our experience, BMI did not affect number of harvested lymph-nodes, rates of negative margins, and morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy for cancer. In our experience, esophagectomy could be performed safely and efficiently in mildly obese patients.
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Before the development of the adult ophthalmic artery (OA), the primitive maxillary artery (MA), the primitive dorsal OA, and the primitive ventral OA contribute to the vascularization of early ocular structures, whereas the primitive olfactory artery (OlfA) forms in the vicinity of the optic vesicle. These vessels are involved in several OA origin variants. ⋯ ACA, anterior cerebral arteryDSA, digital subtraction angiographyICA, internal carotid arteryILT, inferolateral trunkMA, maxillary arteryMMA, middle meningeal arteryMRA, magnetic resonance angiographyOA, ophthalmic arteryOlfA, olfactory arteryPComA, posterior communicating arterySOF, superior orbital fissure.
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Revascularization of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) can be essential for treating complex cerebral aneurysms in the posterior circulation, and it is considered technically challenging. To help decrease the difficulty of this technique, we developed the minimum transpetrosal approach (MTPA). ⋯ MTPA, minimum transpetrosal approachPCA, posterior cerebral arterySTA, superficial temporal artery.
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Despite evidence from neuroimaging research, diagnosis and early prognosis in the vegetative (VS/UWS) and minimally conscious (MCS) states still depend on the observation of clinical signs of responsiveness. Multiple testing has documented a systematic variability during the day in the incidence of established signs of responsiveness. Spontaneous fluctuations of the Coma Recovery Scale-revised (CRS-r) scores are conceivable. ⋯ Multiple CRS-r testing is advisable to minimize the risk of misclassification; estimates of spontaneous variability could be used to characterize with greater accuracy patients with disorder of consciousness and possibly help optimize the rehabilitation plan.
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The spinal meninges have received less attention than the cranial meninges in the literature, although several points remain debatable and poorly understood, like their phylogenesis, their development, and their interactions with the spinal cord. Their constancy among the chordates shows their crucial importance in central nervous system homeostasis and suggests a role far beyond mechanical protection of the neuraxis. ⋯ CNS, central nervous systemD, dayLMD, limited dorsal myeloschisis.