Articles: pain.
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Acta neurochirurgica · Jan 1984
The cause of failure in high cervical percutaneous cordotomy: an analysis.
Factors that might have contributed to failure of high cervical percutaneous cordotomy in 23 patients with intractable pain were investigated. Cordotomy failed in 3 patients, 20 had initially good pain relief (87%). ⋯ There was no influence of age, sex, type of cancer or previous medication on the result of percutaneous cordotomy. Patients with plexus involvement did better than those with bone metastasis.
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Social science & medicine · Jan 1984
The spouse's adjustment to chronic pain: cognitive and emotional factors.
Recent research has demonstrated that the pain behaviors displayed by patients who have chronic pain complaints can be rewarded and maintained by the solicitous and attentive responses of spouses. The present study examines cognitive and emotional factors which may underly such solicitous responding by the spouses. In this study spouses completed a questionnaire (The Spouses' Perception of Disease--SPOD) which was designed to determine their perceptions of the patients' chronic pain syndromes. ⋯ The results of this study show that spouse's cognitive interpretation of the patient's chronic pain syndrome is closely associated with the spouse's emotional adjustment and marital satisfaction. Optimism, perception that the patient has a positive attitude along with few psychological problems and the perception that the patient is severely disabled all are associated with more positive emotional status in spouses. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the rehabilitation of chronic pain patients.
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Intravenous demand analgesia is introduced as a possible way to optimize the treatment of acute pain. Within certain limits patients are allowed to self-administer small doses of analgesics as often as they need; microprocessors are used to control safe operation and to document individual drug consumption. ⋯ Demand analgesia is described not only as an effective therapeutic concept but also as an interesting tool for pain research (influences on pain perception, comparison of analgesic potencies etc.). It is strongly suggested from the results that treatment of acute pain ought to be more individualized than it is now in routine practice.
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Vestn. Khir. Im. I. I. Grek. · Jan 1984
Comparative Study[Analgesia by electric current in the early postoperative period].
In 295 patients in the early postoperative period anesthesia was performed by means of percutaneous electrostimulation with a new national apparatus Eliman-101. The authors note high efficiency of such analgesia in 63,4% of the patients, satisfactory results were obtained in 32,3%. No sufficient anesthesia was achieved in 13 patients (4,3%). There were no side effects and complications.
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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. · Jan 1984
Comparative StudyIn vivo studies on spinal opiate receptor systems mediating antinociception. II. Pharmacological profiles suggesting a differential association of mu, delta and kappa receptors with visceral chemical and cutaneous thermal stimuli in the rat.
The intrathecal administration of mu (morphine) and delta (D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin) but not kappa agonists (ethylketocyclazocine, bremazocine and U50488H) or partial agonists (nalbuphine and buprenorphine) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of all cutaneous thermal (hot plate and tail-flick) responses in the rat. In contrast, on visceral chemical tests (writhing), mu and kappa agonists but not delta agonists exerted a powerful suppression of the response. Whereas the ED50 of morphine on the cutaneous thermal tests did not differ from that observed on the visceral chemical test, agents with significant mu and delta activity (metkephamid and beta-endorphin) showed a prominent reduction in activity on the writhing as compared with the hot plate and tail-flick. ⋯ Kappa ligands were selectively resistant to antagonism with naloxone pA2 values for those agonists ranging from 5.9 to 6.6. These observations suggest that there are three discriminable populations of receptors in the spinal cord whose activation results in a selective modulation of the response of the animal to noxious stimuli. In addition, the selective effects of the delta agonists on cutaneous thermal and kappa agonists on visceral chemical suggest a differential coding of spinal afferents through which these stimuli are transmitted.