Articles: pain.
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The results of two experiments suggest that sensory and affective verbal descriptors provide a valid scaling method which discriminates between the sensory intensity and the affect, or unpleasantness, of electrocutaneous stimuli. Twenty-four subjects judged the sensory intensity and affect of noxious electrocutaneous stimuli by choosing verbal descriptors from randomized lists and by cross-modality matching to time duration and to handgrip force. The psychophysical functions for sensory intensity generated by the descriptor and the cross-modality functions for sensory intensity generated by the descriptor and the cross-modality methods are the same. ⋯ The discriminative power of the descriptor method is demonstrated further in an experiment in which 32 subjects rated either the sensory intensity or the affect of the electrocutaneous stimuli immediately before and after an i.v. administration of 5 mg diazepam. This common minor tranquilizer significantly lowered affective descriptor responses (P less than 0.005) without altering sensory descriptor and sensory and affective handgrip responses. These experiments indicate that sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors may be used as a valid and sensitive tool for the evaluation of pain and pain control methods.
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The results of two experiments show that ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors are valid, reliable and objective. In the first experiment, 16 subjects rated 15 sensory and 15 affective verbal pain descriptors by numerical magnitude estimation and by cross-modality matching to handgrip force. Ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors computed for two separate groups were highly correlated between the groups (sensory, r = 0.97; affective, r = 0.98), as well as over session (r = 0.99, 0.98). ⋯ This result supports the validity of cross-modality matched ratio scales of verbal stimuli. The reliability of these scales is shown by the high between-session, between-group and between-experiment correlations. The objectivity is shown by the similarity of within-subject and between-subject correlations for both group and individual descriptor scales.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ibuprofen therapy for dysmenorrhea.
Thirty-three dysmenorrheic patients were given ibuprofen, aspirin and a placebo in a double-blind crossover study, with each drug taken during one of three successive menstrual cycles in random sequence. Paired drug comparisons demonstrated the statistical superiority of ibuprofen, as compared with the other two, for the relief of pain. Data evaluated according to patient drug preference showed similar results. The role of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in therapy for dysmenorrhea is discussed.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 1978
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialFendosal and aspirin in postpartum uterine pain.
The analgesic efficacy of fendosal, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent structurally related to salicylic acid, was compared with that of aspirin and placebo in 100 patients with postpartum uterine pain in a single oral dose, parallel, stratified, randomized, double-blind design. With 650 mg aspirin and with 200 or 400 mg fendosal, but not with 100 mg, analgesic effects, as measured subjectively by mean pain intensity scores, began within 1 hr and had similar time-effect patterns for the first 4 or 5 hr. Thereafter with the 2 higher doses of fendosal analgesia contimued to increase, reaching a peak at 6 hr (p less than 0.05) and persisting beyond 7 hr (p less than 0.01), whereas there was no aspirin analgesia after the fifth hour. ⋯ The most effective treatment (largest mean 7-hr sum of pain intensity difference [SPID] scores) was 400 mg fendosal (p less than 0.01); 200 mg fendosal was rated second (p less than 0.01), 650 mg aspirin, third (p less than 0.05), 100 mg fendosal, fourth, and placebo, fifth. There was no significant side effects. These results demonstrate the efficacy of single doses of fendosal as well as the dose-dependent magnitude and time course of effects on postpartum uterine pain.