Articles: pain-management.
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J Dev Behav Pediatr · Aug 1997
Clinical TrialSwaddling after heel lance: age-specific effects on behavioral recovery in preterm infants.
We examined responses of preterm infants to swaddling after a heel lance. Fifteen preterm infants from two postconceptional age (PCA) groups (Group 1: n = 7, PCA < 31 wk; Group 2: n = 8, PCA > or = 31 wk) were observed for 30 minutes during blood sampling followed by routine care; blood sampling followed by swaddling; and no blood sampling and routine care. ⋯ Infants 31 weeks PCA or older exhibited protracted behavioral disturbance that was significantly reduced by the use of swaddling. We discuss the significance of these findings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effectiveness of oral sucrose and simulated rocking on pain response in preterm neonates.
Feeding and carrying have been interventions used by caregivers throughout history in relieving distress in infants. Recent studies on the food substance sucrose have elucidated the comforting effect of the taste component of feeding while studies of rocking have examined the comforting effect of the vestibular component of carrying. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of sucrose and simulated rocking alone and in combination on diminishing pain response in preterm neonates undergoing routine heelstick procedure in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). ⋯ Although the simulated rocking did promote quiet sleep, which has been reported in earlier studies to blunt pain response, there was no difference between simulated rocking and control groups in either facial expressions indicative of pain or heart rate. The implication of these results is that sucrose, but not simulated rocking may be a means of diminishing pain from minor procedures in preterm infants. Further research is needed on the use of sucrose for more than one procedure as well as examining the contact component of natural rocking, as opposed to simulated rocking.
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This manuscript describes the development and initial validation of a self-report questionnaire designed to assess an individual's readiness to adopt a self-management approach to their chronic pain condition. Theory and preliminary empirical work informed the development of a pool of items that were administered to a sample of individuals reporting chronic pain. ⋯ Each of the four factors, precontemplation, contemplation, action, and maintenance, was found to be internally consistent and stable over time. There was also substantial support for each factor's discriminant and criterion-related validity.
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Patients with severe burn injury are a challenge for the pediatric anesthesiologist. Today with adequate care many children survive their trauma and have a good chance for complete functional and psychological rehabilitation. The anesthesiologist has to provide excellent care even for patients in suboptimal or unstable condition to enable wound debridement and grafting, because only rapid skin closure will stabilize the patient. Adequate pain treatment during all phases of burn treatment is mandatory.