Articles: ninos.
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Spatial repellent products are used for prevention of insect bites, and a body of evidence exists on spatial repellent entomological efficacy. A new option for vector control, spatial repellent products are designed to release active ingredient into the air for disruption of human-vector contact thereby reducing human exposure to mosquito-borne pathogens. Clinical trials have shown spatial repellent epidemiological efficacy against Aedes-borne viruses but inconclusive outcomes against malaria. We aimed to show and quantify the protective efficacy of spatial repellents in reducing malaria infection incidence in Busia County, Kenya. ⋯ This study was funded by Unitaid to the University of Notre Dame.
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Evidence on invasive cervical cancer prevention among older women is limited, especially with the introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening and longer interval. We conducted a long-term follow-up of the first phase of a randomized healthcare policy trial in cervical screening, targeting women aged 56 to 61 years old, to investigate the effectiveness of primary HPV-based screening in preventing invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and the safety of extending screening interval. ⋯ In this study, we observed that women over 55 years of age who received a primary negative HPV test result had substantially lower risk of CIN2+, and ICC, compared to women who received a primary negative cytology result. This should apply even if the screening interval were prolonged to 7 years.
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Survivors of acute respiratory failure (ARF) have complex healthcare needs postdischarge, frequently resulting in unmet needs. This prospective multicenter study explores the association between COVID-19 status and unmet healthcare needs in survivors of ARF following hospital discharge. We analyzed patient characteristics and unmet healthcare needs by COVID-19 status using a multivariable regression model with propensity weights. ⋯ The median (IQR) percentage of unmet healthcare needs was 26% (17%-36%), with follow-up appointments accounting for most unmet needs. Unmet medication needs were found to be very low at 6%. Despite the challenges in healthcare delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic, our data suggest COVID status had no observable effect on unmet healthcare needs for ARF survivors, after controlling for patient baseline and clinical status.
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Military and commercial stakeholders are investing to explore the use of hypersonic aircraft and orbital spacecraft to transport cargo, medical supplies, passengers, and casualties. These vehicle platforms require periods of sustained acceleration, but to date, these dynamic forces have not been comprehensively considered in the environment of critical care patient movement because injured patients and advanced aeromedical evacuation (AE) equipment are rarely subjected to these conditions. While military AE equipment does undergo crash hazard acceleration testing, equipment functionality during or after sustained acceleration remains to be evaluated. This study was performed to fill that knowledge gap. ⋯ The EMV+ 731 ventilator and Propaq MD cardiac monitor had reliable clinical performance despite sustained acceleration. This knowledge will facilitate immediate follow-on experimentation with advanced models of combat injury during simulated medical evacuation in sustained acceleration environments.