Articles: ninos.
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Comparative Study
A cross-sectional study of latent tuberculosis infection, insurance coverage, and usual sources of health care among non-US-born persons in the United States.
More than 70% of tuberculosis (TB) cases diagnosed in the United States (US) occur in non-US-born persons, and this population has experienced less than half the recent incidence rate declines of US-born persons (1.5% vs 4.2%, respectively). The great majority of TB cases in non-US-born persons are attributable to reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Strategies to expand LTBI-focused TB prevention may depend on LTBI positive non-US-born persons' access to, and ability to pay for, health care. ⋯ IGRA positivity was highest in persons with Medicare (29.1%; 95% CI: 20.9, 38.9). Our results suggest that targeted LTBI testing and treatment within the US private healthcare sector could reach a large majority of non-US-born individuals with LTBI. With non-US-born Medicare beneficiaries' high prevalence of LTBI and the high proportion of LTBI-positive non-US-born persons with private insurance, future TB prevention initiatives focused on these payer types are warranted.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of E-cadherin expression in non-small cell lung cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.
E-cadherin, a calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule, as an important mediator of adhesion and signaling pathway, plays a key role in maintaining tissue integrity. However, the association of E-cadherin expression with clinicopathological features and prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still controversial. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to explore the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of E-cadherin expression in non-small cell lung cancer by meta-analysis. ⋯ Low expression of E-cadherin is closely related to poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC, promoting tumor staging and lymph node metastasis, inhibiting tumor differentiation as well.
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This study aimed to explore the role of tranexamic acid (TXA) in blood loss control and blood transfusion management of patients undergoing multilevel spine surgery. ⋯ The administration of TXA can effectively reduce blood loss and transfusion, and improve hemoglobin levels and preoperative platelet count in patients undergoing multilevel spine surgery.
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Children are less likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 than adults and often have a milder course of COVID-19 disease and a lower case fatality rate. Children account for an estimated 1% to 8% of those diagnosed with COVID-19. Even so, preschool-aged children, infants, and children with underlying health conditions may still be at risk for severe disease and complications. Unique aspects of COVID-19 presentation and disease course in children and possible vertical transmission to newborns from COVID-19-positive mothers are discussed.
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Multicenter Study
Clinical features and prognostic factors of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Daegu, South Korea: A multi-center retrospective study.
To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Daegu, South Korea, and to explore the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in these patients. Retrospective cohort study of 110 critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in Daegu, South Korea, between February 18 and April 5, 2020. The final date of follow-up was April 20, 2020. ⋯ In the multivariable logistic regression model, the odds ratio of in-hospital death was higher with APACHE II score (OR = 1.126; 95% CI = 1.014-1.252; P = .027). The in-hospital mortality rate of critically ill patients with COVID-19 was approximately 40%. Higher APACHE II score at admission was an independent risk factor for death in these patients.