Articles: ninos.
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Many factors such as aging, changes in blood electrolytes levels, and possibly family history are involved in senile cataract formation. Changes in serum electrolytes levels can induce changes in aqueous electrolytes levels and effect on lens metabolism and probably cataract formation. In this paper, we study serum level of Na(+ )and K(+) in senile cataract patients and normal individuals. ⋯ Mean serum K(+) level in senile cataract patients and normal individuals was 4.20 +/- 0.34 mEq/lit and 4.15 +/- 0.32 mEq/lit respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Serum Na(+ )level in senile cataract patients was higher than normal individuals in this study. This result might suggest that diets with high Na(+) content are a risk factor for age-related cataract formation, as high Na(+) content of the diet leads to high level of serum Na(+), which in turn contributes to formation of age-related cataract.
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The theoretical possibility of applying gene transfer methodologies to the human germline is explored. Transgenic methods for genetically manipulating embryos may in principle be applied to humans. ⋯ Nuclear transfer (cloning) offers an alternative approach to germline genetic modification, however there are major health concerns associated with current nuclear transfer methods. It is concluded that human germline gene therapy remains for all practical purposes a future possibility that must await significant and important advances in gene transfer technology.
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Tyrosine kinases are important mediators of the signaling cascade, determining key roles in diverse biological processes like growth, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis in response to external and internal stimuli. Recent advances have implicated the role of tyrosine kinases in the pathophysiology of cancer. Though their activity is tightly regulated in normal cells, they may acquire transforming functions due to mutation(s), overexpression and autocrine paracrine stimulation, leading to malignancy. ⋯ The modes of oncogenic activation and the different approaches for tyrosine kinase inhibition, like small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, heat shock proteins, immunoconjugates, antisense and peptide drugs are reviewed in light of the important molecules. As angiogenesis is a major event in cancer growth and proliferation, tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a target for anti-angiogenesis can be aptly applied as a new mode of cancer therapy. The review concludes with a discussion on the application of modern techniques and knowledge of the kinome as means to gear up the tyrosine kinase drug discovery process.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2004
Retraction Of PublicationInteractive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease.