Articles: ninos.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) has been defined by the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission as "systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions-with some degree of autonomy-to achieve specific goals." Artificial intelligence has the potential to support guideline planning, development and adaptation, reporting, implementation, impact evaluation, certification, and appraisal of recommendations, which we will refer to as "guideline enterprise." Considering this potential, as well as the lack of guidance for the use of AI in guidelines, the Guidelines International Network (GIN) proposes a set of principles for the development and use of AI tools or processes to support the health guideline enterprise. ⋯ Eight principles were identified to adhere to when using AI in the guideline context: transparency, preplanning, additionality, credibility, ethics, accountability, compliance, and evaluation. These complementary principles are described in a comprehensive way, but they do not provide detailed instructions on how to use specific AI tools. Although these principles are expected to apply across different contexts and stages of the guideline enterprise, details on their implementation have some degree of flexibility. Guideline development groups choosing to use AI will be able to adequately implement the principles if they ensure aspects such as structured reporting on the use of AI tools, involvement of experts in AI, and allocation of funding for the adequate use of AI tools. The GIN principles may support guideline developers in the responsible and transparent use of AI to ensure trustworthy guidelines.
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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs), rare soft tissue neoplasms, are characterized by a blend of myofibroblastic proliferation and inflammatory features. While generally characterized by slow growth, IMTs can exhibit locally aggressive behavior, and in rare instances, metastasize to distant sites. This study elucidated the clinical characteristics, molecular profile, and tumor microenvironment of thoracic IMTs. ⋯ Patients with thoracic IMT patients are typically young with early-stage disease. ALK fusion were the most common genetic alteration, particularly in spindle-cell patterns. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment indicates the potential of immune profiling in the tumor biology and targeted immunotherapy approaches.
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Comment Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse: The BEe-HIVe Randomized Clinical Trial.
Nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine is common among people with HIV, resulting in vulnerability to infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). ⋯ Among people with HIV and nonresponse to prior hepatitis B vaccination, both the 2-dose and 3-dose regimens of HepB-CpG vaccine achieved a superior seroprotection response compared with 3 doses of HepB-alum vaccine.
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In the US, approximately 10.55 million adults have atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is associated with significantly increased risk of stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, dementia, chronic kidney disease, and mortality. ⋯ AF is associated with increased rates of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. Lifestyle and risk factor modification are recommended to prevent AF onset, recurrence, and complications, and oral anticoagulants are recommended for those with an estimated risk of stroke or thromboembolic events of 2% or greater per year. Early rhythm control using antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation is recommended in select patients with AF experiencing symptomatic paroxysmal AF or HFrEF.