Articles: anesthetics.
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Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Jun 1984
Comparative StudyComparison of the effects of Althesin, chloralose-urethane, urethane, and pentobarbital on mammalian physiologic responses.
Physiological responses to anesthetic doses of four chemically dissimilar agents, namely, Althesin, urethane, chloralose-urethane, and pentobarbital sodium were compared in rats. The tail-flick test revealed Althesin had greater antinociceptive potency than urethane, chloralose-urethane, and pentobarbital, but its duration of action was shorter than that of chloralose-urethane. ⋯ It is concluded that Althesin is a suitable anesthetic for short-term surgery and for studies of body temperature, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure. Because release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone into hypophysial portal blood can be observed under Althesin but is suppressed or blocked by chloralose-urethane, urethane, and pentobarbital, Althesin is the anesthetic of choice in studies concerned with the neural control of ovulatory hormone release.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · May 1984
Intradermal testing after anaphylactoid reaction to anaesthetic drugs: practical aspects of performance and interpretation.
A detailed description of an intradermal test for the diagnosis of the drug responsible for acute anaphylactoid or anaphylactic reactions to anaesthetic drugs is presented. If intradermal testing is performed according to this protocol the drug responsible for the reaction can be determined in the majority of reactions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of naloxone on the loss of consciousness induced by i.v. anaesthetic agents in man.
The effect of a specific opioid antagonist, naloxone, was studied in two comparable groups of patients who received i.v. the dose of an anaesthetic agent required to produce loss of consciousness in 50% of subjects. The first group received naloxone 0.006 mg kg-1 5 min before induction of anaesthesia; the second group received a similar volume of saline solution. ⋯ The differences in percentage of unconscious patients between the naloxone-treated group and the control group were statistically significant for diazepam, ketamine and propanidid. Naloxone did not modify the induction of anaesthesia with thiopentone or Althesin.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 1984
Chronic neurological deficits and Nesacaine-CE--an effect of the anesthetic, 2-chloroprocaine, or the antioxidant, sodium bisulfite?
Chronic neurological deficits have been described in patients after presumed accidental subarachnoid injection of 2-chloroprocaine-CE (Nesacaine-CE; N-CE) intended for epidural block. This study investigated the possible role of pure 2-chloroprocaine (2-CP) and sodium bisulfite, two components of Nesacaine-CE, in causing these complications when injected separately into the lumbar subarachnoid space of neurologically intact awake rabbits. ⋯ This amount of bisulfite is contained in 12-24 mg of 2% N-CE. The demonstration that persistent paralysis resulted from low dosages of sodium bisulfite contained in commercially available 2-CP requires reevaluation of the suitability of this antioxidant for products prepared for intrathecal use.
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Obstet Gynecol Surv · Mar 1984
ReviewGeneral anesthesia in cesarean section: effect on mother and neonate.
Advances in anesthetic techniques during the past several decades have resulted in an excellent outcome in infants delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia. To understand these results, it is important to be familiar with the physiologic changes which occur during general anesthesia. A review of the literature which focuses on the findings which led to current anesthetic principles is presented.