Articles: anesthetics.
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The large number and diversity of anesthetic agents were evident to investigators 80 years ago, and suggested a physicochemical theory of anesthesia. Meyer and Overton were the first to offer a quantitative relationship between a physicochemical property and potency of anesthetic agents. They also focused attention on the lipid phase as the site of anesthetic action. ⋯ The microtubule theory of Allison and Nunn has not accumulated supporting evidence comparable to the lipid theories. Contradictory evidence makes any evaluation of this theory speculative. Additionally, the interspecies and intracellular variability of microtubules raises questions of the relevance of many studies...
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Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther · Dec 1976
The local anesthetic activity of saxitoxin alone and with vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents.
STX (saxitoxin), alone and with various vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents, was evaluated for its ability to produce topical anesthesia on the rabbit cornea, peripheral nerve block in the rat, and epidural anesthesia in the dog. High frequency and long duration of block can be attained if sufficiently high concentrations of STX are used, although latency is long and the doses used may produce systemic toxicity. ⋯ Conventional local anesthetic agents also enhance the nerve blocking activity of STX. When appropriate concentrations of STX, vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents are used, systemic toxic effects are not manifested and the blocks produced exhibit the rapid onset and high frequency of block characteristic of the local anesthetic agent and the remarkably long duration of STX.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of compounds used for intradermal anesthesia.