Articles: anesthetics.
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Intraoperative electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns associated with postoperative delirium (POD) development have been studied, but the differences in EEG recordings between sevoflurane- and desflurane-induced anesthesia have not been clarified. We aimed to distinguish the EEG characteristics of sevoflurane and desflurane in relation to POD development. ⋯ In normal patients without POD, sevoflurane demonstrates a higher power spectrum and prefrontal connectivity than desflurane. Furthermore, reduced frontal alpha power, coherence, and connectivity of intraoperative EEG could be associated with an increased risk of POD. These intraoperative EEG characteristics associated with POD are more noticeable in sevoflurane-induced anesthesia than in desflurane-induced anesthesia.
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The number of anesthetic body procedures in the United States is rapidly increasing, with many being performed on an outpatient basis. These procedures are advertised as being safe, and many times the serious complications may not be discussed. Although local anesthetic systemic toxicity is a rare complication, it is associated with an increase in morbidity. ⋯ Multiple factors contribute to the development of local anesthetic systemic toxicity, resulting in life-threatening effects on the neurologic and cardiovascular systems. Also, the site of administration, along with the local anesthetic agent used, can impact the risk of the development of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. To minimize the risk and ensure the best possible outcome for these patients, emergency department staff must be highly aware of the mechanisms, risk factors, prevention, and management/treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity.