Articles: mortality.
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Patients with COVID-19 undergoing hip fracture surgeries have a 30-day mortality of up to 34%. We aimed to evaluate the association between anesthesia technique and 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery in patients with COVID-19. ⋯ gov (NCT05133648); registered 24 November 2021.
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To compare the outcomes of early vs no-neurosurgical intervention in civilians with penetrating brain injury (PBI). ⋯ Management including early neurosurgical intervention is associated with decreased mortality and increased ICU LOS in matched cohorts of PBI.
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We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of first-time emergency department (ED) visits in adolescents and young adults (AYA) due to alcohol and compared mortality to AYA with nonalcohol ED visits between 2009 and 2015 using standardized all-cause mortality ratios (age, sex, income, and rurality). We described the cause of death for AYA and examined the association between clinical factors and mortality rates in the alcohol cohort using proportional hazard models. ⋯ Incident ED visits due to alcohol in AYA are associated with a high risk of 1-year mortality, especially in young adults, those with concurrent mental health or substance use disorders, and those with a more severe initial presentation. These findings may help inform the need and urgency for follow-up care in this population.
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The clinical course of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) can be variable and difficult to predict. Recently, the BACES score was developed as a tool to predict all-cause mortality in patients with NTM-PD. This score is calculated based on five patient characteristics (BMI, age, cavity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and sex), and higher scores portend worse prognosis. Although the BACES score has been validated in a cohort of South Korean patients, it has not yet been validated in other settings or ethnic groups. ⋯ The BACES model was evaluated in a multicultural cohort of Canadian patients and demonstrated good discriminatory performance but suboptimal calibration, which may be due to population differences, the use of dichotomized variables in model construction, or both.
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The U.S. has the highest infant mortality rate among peer countries. Restrictive abortion laws may contribute to poor infant health outcomes. This ecological study investigated the association between county-level infant mortality and state-level abortion access legislation in the U.S. from 2014 to 2018. ⋯ State-level abortion law restrictiveness is associated with higher county-level infant mortality rates. The Supreme Court decision on Dobbs versus Jackson and changes in state laws limiting abortion may affect future infant mortality.