Articles: mortality.
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To determine the mortality risk following hip fracture and identify factors predictive of increased mortality. ⋯ The data demonstrate that hip fracture is not associated with significant excess mortality amongst patients older than age 85. Amongst younger patients, however, those with ASA classifications of 3 or 4 have significant excess mortality following hip fracture that persists up to 2 years after injury.
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This report presents period life tables for the United States based on age-specific death rates in 2000. Data used to prepare these life tables are 2000 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2000, population estimates based on the 1990 decennial census; and data from the Medicare program. Presented are complete life tables by age, race, and sex. ⋯ Between 1999 and 2000, life expectancy increased for both males and females and for both the white and black populations. Life expectancy increased by 0.4 years for black males (from 67.8 to 68.2) and by 0.2 years for white males (from 74.6 to 74.8). It increased by 0.2 years for black females (from 74.7 to 74.9) and by 0.1 year for white females (from 79.9 to 80.0).
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To review the use of indomethacin in the management of traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Indomethacin should only be considered as an experimental therapy for refractory intracranial hypertension in TBI patients, as current evidence is not available to support its routine use in the management of an elevated ICP. Its use in patients with cerebral vasospasm, renal failure, bleeding disorders, peptic ulceration and coagulopathies is contraindicated.
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No prospective studies have examined the association between social networks and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged Japanese. The study of varied populations may contribute to clarifying the robustness of the observed effects of social networks and extend their generalizability. ⋯ This study provides evidence that social networks are an important predictor of mortality risk for middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women. Lack of participation, for men, and being single and lack of meeting close relatives, for women, were independent risk factors for mortality.
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Mortality from all causes is higher for persons with fewer years of education and for blacks, but it is unknown which diseases contribute most to these disparities. ⋯ Although many conditions contribute to socioeconomic and racial disparities in potential life-years lost, a few conditions account for most of these disparities - smoking-related diseases in the case of mortality among persons with fewer years of education, and hypertension, HIV, diabetes mellitus, and trauma in the case of mortality among black persons. These findings have important implications for targeting efforts to reduce existing disparities in mortality rates.