Articles: mortality.
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With the influx of Latin American immigrants to the United States and the relatively high fertility of Hispanic women, the importance of understanding patterns of birth outcomes within the heterogeneous Hispanic community is growing. ⋯ Ethnicity and birthplace affect prenatal care and birth outcomes but are probably not as significant as racial differences. Poor outcomes without elevated newborn costs may indicate less access to high-quality neonatal care among some ethnic groups.
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We retrospectively evaluated the outcome and the risk factors for mortality among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants born at National Taiwan University Hospital. The records of all live-born infants with body birth weight of less than 1,000 g from January 1, 1993, to December 31, 1996, were evaluated. Infants with major anomalies or whose parents refused resuscitation were excluded from the analysis. ⋯ Cox regression analysis of survival showed that Apgar score at 1 minute (p = 0.0063), pulmonary hypertension (p = 0.012), and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.0031) were the most important factors associated with mortality. Though the outcome of ELBW infants in our institute seems poorer than in some more developed countries, it is improving. The prognosis for ELBW infants of 24 to 25 weeks' GA remains guarded under our present care.
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Das Gesundheitswesen · Jul 1998
[Trends in average life expectancy in the Saxony Free State--results of a cause of death-specific table analysis].
We conducted a specific table analysis on mortality causes that was mainly oriented on the lines of the chapters of ICD-9 to explore the average life expectancy for the population in Saxony particularly since 1988. The drop in average life expectancy of males observed since 1990 can be fully explained only for those around 18 years of age by "accidents" as the cause of death. Between 30 and 55 years of age there were additional losses of average life expectancy via the mortality causes "diseases of the digestive tract", "neoplasms" and "psychiatric diseases". ⋯ There are excessive gains in life expectancy in respect of cardiovascular diseases, clearly in the range of embryonal and congenital diseases and remarkably in respect of suicide. How many of these specific differentiations of causes of death are due to changes in coding, has not yet been assessed. Leaving aside the unnatural causes of death these figures point to a marked influence of improved medical care on average life expectancy.
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Although the use of feeding tubes among older individuals stirs considerable controversy, population-based descriptive data regarding patient outcomes are scarce. ⋯ Gastrostomies are frequently placed in older individuals and more often in blacks; mortality rates following placement are substantial.