Articles: brain-injuries.
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Archiv für Kriminologie · Mar 1995
Case Reports[Fatal gunshot wound injuries with so-called shooting ball-point pens].
Report on two suicides using shooting ball-point pens (with .22 lr and .22 lr Hv cartridges respectively). Both cases were contact shots (in the first case in the area of the right ear, in the second case in the left temple). Corresponding to the configuration of the barrel end, the muzzle imprints were uncharacteristic (ring-shaped and narrow). The other morphological findings of the wounds did not differ from the injuries inflicted by conventional small-bore weapons.
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Hyperventilation is a frequently used method for inducing hypercarbia in neurosurgical patients. This practice requires careful carbon dioxide monitoring that might be replaced by a less expensive and less invasive alternative to arterial blood gas monitoring. ⋯ In this patient sample, changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide values did not accurately reflect changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension levels in the intensive care setting. Further technological advances in noninvasive carbon dioxide monitoring may lead to a significant cost savings over traditional arterial blood gas analysis.
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Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in the peripheral venous blood (PVB) have been reported to be sensitive markers for judging the prognosis of patients with head injury. However, to our knowledge, the levels of NSE and MBP in the internal jugular venous blood (IJVB) have never been studied. ⋯ The assay of serum NSE and MBP levels provides a reliable laboratory indicator of the degree of brain damage and allows early prediction of the prognosis in patients with acute head injury.
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Growing skull fractures occur most commonly after head injury; however, their "craniofacial equivalents" may occur after neurosurgical or craniofacial operations in pediatric patients. Experience with five separate cases is reviewed, including one case that involved the anterior cranial base and presented with vertical dystopia and proptosis. ⋯ Prompt recognition and the diagnosis of the problem are essential to prevent the development of progressive neurological complications. The pathophysiology and principles of surgical management of these complex problems are explored in detail.
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Case Reports
[A case of subarachnoid hemorrhage with acute subdural hematoma due to head injury: a case report].
Acute intracranial hemorrhages can be caused by cerebrovascular disease or head injury. Diagnostic imaging is in both cases sometimes similar, so it is difficult to make an exact diagnosis. We report a case of acute subdural hematoma due to head injury after loss of consciousness due to an aneurysmal rupture. ⋯ Postoperative CT scan showed contusional hematoma at the left frontal lobe and plain skull X-ray films demonstrated a diastatic fracture of the right lambdoid suture. Acute subdural hematoma due to the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm is sometimes recognized, but the first CT findings are similar to those observed after head injury. When the clinical course of onset is unclear, we must keep in mind that the cause of acute subdural hematoma may be head injury, even if angiography demonstrates abnormal vessels.