Articles: brain-injuries.
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Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova · Jan 1992
Comparative Study[The place and significance of the autonomic dystonia syndrome in the clinico-pathophysiological structure of the late sequelae of mild closed craniocerebral trauma].
Analysis of the incidence, clinico-pathophysiological structure and dynamics of vegetovascular disorders in subjects with a history of mild closed craniocerebral injuries has demonstrated that in the majority of them, even practically healthy, functional insufficiency of vegetovascular functions is seen for many years after injury. Clinically, it manifests under the influence of diverse harmful exo- and endogenous factors, undergoes circadian changes, is altered during magnetic storms, in the course of traumatic disease and nonmedicamentous correction (by methods of adaptive bioregulation according to heart rhythm parameters, craniocerebral hypothermia, etc). It has been shown that initially transitory, reversible vegetovascular disturbances, provided they were not initially removed, transform with years to more stable vegetotrophic disorders and become risk factor of cerebrovascular diseases in the given group.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jan 1992
Comparative StudyIntravenous fluid tonicity: effect on intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and cerebral oxygen delivery in focal brain injury.
An investigation into the role of intravenous fluid tonicity in determining intracranial pressure (ICP) after brain injury is described. The authors compare the results of infusion of a hypotonic fluid (Ringer's lactate, 270 mOsm/liter) to those of a hypertonic fluid (hypertonic sodium lactate, 500 mOsm/liter) in a porcine model of focal cryogenic brain injury. Hemodynamic parameters (ICP, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and oxygen delivery) and serum osmolarity were measured every 3 hours for 24 hours after injury. ⋯ These data suggest that hypertonic maintenance fluid improves intracranial compliance by dehydrating uninjured cortex. Improved CBF in the hypertonic group may be due to dehydration of cerebrovascular endothelium and erythrocytes. By reducing ICP and improving CBF, hypertonic fluid administration may thus reduce secondary brain injury after head trauma.
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Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova · Jan 1992
Comparative Study[A psychoautonomic syndrome in the residual period of a modern "mild" military craniocerebral trauma].
As many as 18 patients with a history of military service in Afghanistan, who suffered (7.2 years before on the average) commotion due to the explosion wave were examined. The vegetative status was studied by different methods including cardiointervalography, as was the patients' emotional and personality sphere. ⋯ Attempts were made to correct the psychovegetative syndrome by central electroanalgesia in the tranquilization mode (9-10 daily sessions). The lowering of the tension of regulatory body systems functioning and the reduction of anxiety and depression tendencies were recorded.
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Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko · Jan 1992
Comparative Study[The differentiated treatment of traumatic intracranial hematomas].
The article deals with the analysis of the clinical and computed tomography data, treatment, and outcomes in 94 patients with traumatic intracerebral hematomas (TICH). The indications for nonoperative treatment of TICH are a level of consciousness of the patient of no lower than 10 marks of the Glasgow coma scale, hematoma diameter of less than 4 cm, and the absence of clinical and computed tomography signs of brain stem compression. ⋯ Puncture evacuation of the TICH may be resorted to if more than three fourths of its volume can be aspirated. The stereotaxic method is recommended for removal of TICH situated in the region of the basal ganglia.
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Acta neurochirurgica · Jan 1992
Clinical outcome and cognitive impairment in patients with severe head injuries treated with barbiturate coma.
This study reports on clinical outcome in 38 patients with severe head injuries (posttraumatic coma for 6 hours or more) treated with barbiturate coma because of intracranial hypertension. Eighteen patients died, 4 patients remained in a severely disabled or a chronic vegetative state, and 16 patients reached the levels good recovery/moderate disability. ⋯ All patients except one exhibited varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction and 6 patients had signs of personality change. The quality of life for the majority of surviving patients was relatively good but the positive effects of barbiturate coma therapy in the age groups over 40 years appeared to be limited.