Articles: health.
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Musculoskeletal (MSK) injury can negatively affect service members by compromising job performance and readiness. These injuries can impact the service member's physical health, functional abilities, and quality of life (QoL). Rehabilitation therapies for MSK injuries can reduce these impacts. One approach is home use rehabilitative therapy, usable during deployment and at home stations. The purpose of this updated systematic review with meta-analysis was to broaden our scope of pain/symptoms, disability, and QoL as outcome measures for nonpharmaceutical MSK therapies in a military population versus controls. ⋯ This analysis demonstrated modest improvement in pain and physical well-being with therapy, with low certainty across diverse military cohorts. The impact on overall health-related disability and QoL was limited, with little change in mental well-being. The substantial heterogeneity and low certainty across diverse military cohorts limit generalizability, suggesting that further research in homogeneous environments is important for guiding clinical decisions. The study's findings suggest that nonpharmacological home use interventions may offer modest improvements in pain relief, particularly early in treatment, and in strength and function, according to our previous report. These interventions could complement standard care, providing options that may benefit service members during deployment and at home.
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In this Review, we examine the concurrent outbreaks of mpox in Africa, focusing on clade 1a, the newly emerged clade 1b, and clade 2b lineage A, and how they differ from the 2022 global outbreak caused by clade 2b lineage B.1. Historically, clades 1a and 2a have caused sporadic, small outbreaks in central and west Africa, respectively, primarily through zoonotic transmission. Clade 2b first caused an outbreak in Nigeria in 2017, and later spread globally via sexual contact in 2022. ⋯ Tecovirimat, the primary antiviral during the 2022 outbreak, has shown reduced effectiveness against clade 1a in preliminary study results, whereas its efficacy against other clades is still under investigation. The modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic vaccine has been shown to be up to 90% effective against clade 2b after two doses and is safe for children, although its effectiveness drops to 20% when used as post-exposure prophylaxis. Given the evolving nature of the monkeypox virus, ongoing research and strong public health responses are key to managing potential future outbreaks.
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Navigating a Foodborne Outbreak: Preparation for Interprofessional Practice is an interactive, competency-based, online educational module demonstrating interprofessional practice among health professionals to improve and protect population health, in the context of a foodborne outbreak. Authors reviewed registration data, pre- and post- module knowledge assessments, and module evaluations from the 978 medical students and physicians ("medical learners") who completed the module from July 2018-June 2021, comparing their outcomes as well as assessing potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses were conducted in 2022 and 2024. ⋯ Medical learners reported high satisfaction with the module. Medical students' agreement with statements about the relevance of the module to their current or future responsibilities and awareness of "how clinical care and public health systems work together to protect the health of populations" increased during the pandemic. The module successfully improved knowledge of clinical-public health collaborations to protect population health and is one model of how to integrate PPH content, including physicians' roles in the public health system, into medical education.