Articles: health.
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Sleep-related breathing disorders (SBD) are conditions of abnormal and difficult respiration during sleep, including chronic snoring, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), sleep-related hypoventilation disorders and sleep-related hypoxemia. Some of them have a limited impact on health, but others (e.g., OSA) can have serious consequences, because of their dangerous effects on sleep and the hematic balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide. According to several population-based studies, prevalence of OSA is relatively high, approximately 3-7% for adult males and 2-5% for adult females in the general population. ⋯ Pulmonary hypertension (PH), a noted cardiovascular disease, is significantly associated with sleep-related breathing disorders and lot of scientific studies published in the literature demonstrated a strong link between these conditions and the development of pulmonary hypertension PH. PH is relatively less common than sleep-related breathing disorders. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze both the current knowledge around the consequences that SBD may have on pulmonary hemodynamics and the effects resulting from pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of SDB on PH.
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This communication, based on a review of the relevant literature on ratios deriving from blood pressure and heart rate measurements, and their conformance/nonconformance to the mathematical golden rule (ie, 1.681), proposes that such ratios, particularly emanating from large numbers of home blood pressure and heart rate measurements obtained by the patients themselves or their caretakers, may constitute new risk markers, useful in the assessment of health and cardiovascular pathologies, prognosis of morbidity and mortality, and implementation to clinical practice and research.
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Studies investigating the potential health effects of floor of residence have reported conflicting results. In the Rotterdam Study, we examined associations between floor and mortality among elderly residents of a neighborhood of Rotterdam, the Netherlands. ⋯ Compared to floors 13 and above, adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval] were: 1.31 [0.89-1.95] (floors 1-2), 1.52 [1.04-2.22] (floors 3-4), 1.07 [0.73-1.57] (floors 5-6), 1.12 [0.76-1.66] (floors 7-8), 1.45 [0.96-2.18] (floors 9-10), and 1.04 [0.69-1.58] (floors 11-12). In this prospective population-based cohort of elderly adults in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, a nonlinear association was observed between floor level of residence and mortality, with stronger associations observed at lower floors compared to the highest floors.