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Neuroscience letters · Dec 2008
Subclinical concentration of sevoflurane potentiates neuronal apoptosis in the developing C57BL/6 mouse brain.
The effect of general anesthetics on the developing brain is receiving growing attention. Nonetheless, there remains a paucity of evidence regarding the effect of sevoflurane, a widely used anesthetic in pediatric anesthesia. This study was designed to investigate the effect of sevoflurane on nerve cell apoptosis in the developing brain. ⋯ Electron microscopy disclosed typical apoptotic morphology of the degenerative nerve cells. Blood glucose levels in the anesthetized group were not different from those of the control group, indicating that the neuronal apoptosis observed in the anesthetized group was not the result of hypoglycemia. Our results indicate that subanesthetic concentration of sevoflurane can trigger neuronal apoptosis in the postnatal mouse brain.
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Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a liver-induced glycoprotein enzyme responsible for antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species and anti-inflammatory, has been linked to various cancers. The objective of this study was to explore the association of PON1 rs662 and rs705382 with the risk of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients living in the Guangxi region of southern China. The PON1 rs662 and rs705382 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 99 CHB patients, 84 LC patients, 258 HCC patients, and 221 healthy controls. ⋯ Moreover, a decreased risk of LC was associated with the rs705382 CG and the combined GG + CG genotypes among women, with borderline statistical significance. In haplotype analyses, the haplotype GA was associated with a 1.68-fold increase in the risk of HCC. Our results showed that the PON1 rs705382 SNP might be a risk factor for CHB in Guangxi populations.
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Modern intensive care for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) focuses on managing intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). This approach lacks robust clinical evidence and often overlooks the impact of hypoxic injuries. ⋯ However, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the interpretation of PbtO2 in clinical practice. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiological rationales, monitoring technology, physiological determinants, and recent clinical trial evidence for PbtO2 monitoring in the management of msTBI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Efficacy of acupuncture on osteoarthritic pain. A controlled, double-blind study.
Forty patients, randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group, participated in a double-blind study to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture in reducing chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis. The experimental group received treatment at standard acupuncture points, and the control group at placebo points. ⋯ Thus, both experimental and control groups showed a reduction in pain after the treatments. These results may reflect the natural course of illness, and various attitudinal and social factors.