Harrington rods are not a contraindication to epidural analgesia but do increase insertion difficulty, technique failure and complications, particularly dural puncture and subdural placement.
Neuraxial analgesia early in labor does not increase the risk of cesarean delivery or increase the duration of labor compared with analgesia later in labor.
Low-concentration bupivacaine epidurals for labor analgesia result in a lower-incidence of instrumental delivery than 'traditional' high-dose bupivacaine epidurals.
In patients with atrial fibrillation requiring cessation of warfarin for surgery, bridging anticoagulation does not change the incidence of thromboembolism, although does increase major bleeding.
Intrapartum fetal ECG monitoring and ST-segment analysis does not lead to better fetal or delivery outcomes compared with standard FHR and CTG monitoring.
Methods used to assess the height of spinal block before caesarean section vary widely across literature, textbooks and individual anaesthesia practice.