• Zahra Mohammadi, Hossein Poustchi, Nazgol Motamed-Gorji, Sareh Eghtesad, Azita Hekmatdoost, Parastoo Saniee, and Shahin Merat.
• Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
• Arch Iran Med. 2020 Jan 1; 23 (1): 44-52.

BackgroundWith the increasing prevalence of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has become a frequent cause of chronic liver disease, often leading to cirrhosis. In recent decades, gut microbiota have been evaluated as an effective factor in NAFLD pathogenesis, causing steatohepatitis by involving the host immune system. The aim of this study is to evaluate gut microbiota dysbiosis in NAFLD/NASH patients in comparison to healthy controls.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of published studies that have examined the composition of gut microbiota in relation to NAFLD. PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science were searched. After the exclusion of irrelevant studies, 15 eligible studies were included and summarized.ResultsOverall, some studies reported the composition of microbiota at the phyla level, while others reported them at smaller subgroups; the results of studies were contradictory in some cases.ConclusionOverall, study findings indicate a relationship between microbial composition and NAFLD. Study methods and sequencing techniques influenced these results.© 2020 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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