• I-Te Lee, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Shih-Li Su, Yi-Ling Wu, and Shih-Yi Lin.
• Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
• J Formos Med Assoc. 2019 Nov 1; 118 Suppl 2: S122-S129.

Background/PurposeComprehensive and continuous care is crucial for patients with diabetes. The diabetes pay-for-performance (P4P) program launched by the National Health Insurance (NHI) administration in Taiwan provides a financial incentive to facilitate this goal. In this study, we explored the characteristics of patients in the P4P program between 2005 and 2014.MethodsData of patients with diabetes enrolled in the NHI program between 2005 and 2014 were extracted from the NHI research database. Patients were classed as having diabetes if they had three or more outpatient visits within 365 calendar days with an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic code of 250 or hospitalization one or more times with such a diagnosis. The trends of participating in the P4P program were analyzed.ResultsParticipation rate of the P4P program increased from 12.1% to 19% between 2005 and 2014. Participants were younger and more likely to be female than those not participating in the program. Lower risks of cancer-related mortality, annual mortality and heart failure were seen in patients participating in the P4P program than in those not participating.ConclusionOlder, male patients with a high disease severity may be less likely to enroll in the P4P program. Although participation rate is increasing, a broad enrollment is expected.Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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