• Yanfen Chen, Wenjiang Liao, Anhui Yuan, Hua Xu, Ruilin Yuan, and Jianwei Cao.
• Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Guzhen People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China.
• Panminerva Med. 2022 Sep 1; 64 (3): 374383374-383.

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to explore the effect of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-181a on the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its potential mechanism of action.MethodsThe differentially expressed miRNAs were screened in lung cancer tissues of radiotherapy-resistant and non-radiotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients, and verified via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Next, the effects of different miRNA expressions on patients' survival time were discussed, and target genes of miR-181a were predicted. The effect of miR-181a expression on radiosensitivity was determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. The direct target of miR-181a was verified via luciferase reporter assay. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) was overexpressed using lentiviruses, and then whether miR-181a reduces radiosensitivity via targeting PTEN was detected via CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Finally, Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of PTEN.ResultsThe screening results of microarray expression profile assay revealed that 15 miRNAs had significant differences in lung cancer tissues of radiotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients compared with those in non-radiotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients. The results of RT-qPCR showed that hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-199b, hsa-miR-489 and hsa-miR-589 were significantly up-regulated in the lung cancer tissues of radiotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients compared with those in non-radiotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients. In addition, it was found that the survival time of NSCLC patients was obviously prolonged in hsa-miR-181a low-expression group and hsa-miR-589 high-expression group, but hsa-miR-489 and hsa-miR-199b had no significant influence on the survival time of NSCLC patients. According to KEGG enrichment analysis, the target genes of miR-181a were evidently enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, NSCLC signaling pathway and other cancer signaling pathways. Under the radiation dose of 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy, the survival rate of A549 cells rose in miR-181a mimic group, but declined in miR-181a inhibitor group. Moreover, compared with that in model group, the radiotherapy-induced apoptosis was markedly inhibited in miR-181a mimic group, but markedly promoted in miR-181a inhibitor group. It was also observed that the response of cells to radiotherapy-induced apoptosis was remarkably weakened in miR-181a mimic + PTEN overexpression group compared with that in miR-181a mimic group. Finally, miR-181a mimic group had a significantly lower protein expression of PTEN and significantly higher protein expressions of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3), p-AKT1 and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) than model group, while miR-181a inhibitor group had the opposite protein expressions. The protein expressions of CXCR4, p-STAT3, p-AKT1 and p-mTOR were obviously lower in miR-181a mimic + PTEN overexpression group than those in miR-181a mimic group.ConclusionsMiR-181a reduces the radiosensitivity of NSCLC via inhibiting PTEN expression.

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