• Jen-Feng Liang, Yung-Tai Chen, Jong-Ling Fuh, Szu-Yuan Li, Chia-Jen Liu, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Chao-Hsiun Tang, and Shuu-Jiun Wang.
• Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
• Cephalalgia. 2013 Feb 1; 33 (3): 182-9.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether cluster headache (CH) was a risk factor for depression in a nationwide population-based follow-up study. Background There are few studies about the relationship between CH and depression, and prior research has been limited by cross-sectional studies or small sample sizes.MethodsWe identified 673 CH patients from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database between 2005 and 2009. The two comparison cohorts included age-, sex- and Charlson's score-matched migraine patients (n = 2692) and controls (patients free from migraine or CH, n = 2692). The cumulative incidence of depression was compared among these three cohorts until the end of 2009. We also calculated predictors of depression in the CH cohort.ResultsAfter the median 2.5-year follow-up duration, the CH cohort had a greater risk for developing depression compared to the control cohort (adjusted hazard ratio; aHR = 5.6, 95% CI 3.0-10.6, p < 0.001) but not the migraine cohort (aHR = 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.7, p = 0.77). Of the CH patients, the number of cluster bout periods per year was a risk factor for depression (aHR = 3.8, 95% CI 2.6-5.4, p < 0.001).ConclusionOur results showed that CH is associated with an increased risk for depression. The strength of this association is similar to that of migraine.

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