• E G Balbay, E N Unlu, A N Annakkaya, O Balbay, M Kos, and A A Safak.
• Department of Chest Diseases, Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce, Turkey.
• Niger J Clin Pract. 2020 Jun 1; 23 (6): 825-828.

AimTo investigate the incidence of bronchiectasis supposed to be made by the external compression of hiatal hernia (HH) to bronchi.Materials And MethodsThe thorax computed tomography (CT) scans of patients which were carried out in Duzce University Hospital between February 2014 and August 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The repeated scans in the same patient were excluded.ResultsA total of 4388 patients were included in the study. A total of 98 HH cases were detected of which 58 (59.2%) were female. The mean age was 73.30 ± 9.14 (45-90). The rate of HH according to small, moderate and large size was 45 (45.9%), 9 (9.2%), 44 (44.9%), respectively. The rate of hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis were similar in both males and females (P = 0.078). The prevalence of bronchiectasis was significantly high in large hernias with 81.4% rate (P = 0.009). Bronchiectasis rate was 12.343 times (OR: 12.343, 95% CI: 1.479-103.027, P = 0.009) higher in the large HH group compared to small and moderate HH groups. Hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis was 88.1% anatomically near to HH.ConclusionsThus, hiatal hernia may cause bronchiectasis due to external compression rather than lymphadenopathy or the tumor as an etiology of bronchiectasis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

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