• Shuo Li, Xiang-Yu Meng, Souraka Tapara Dramani Maman, Yong-Nong Xiao, and Sheng Li.
• Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
• Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jan 1; 2018: 9057823.

BackgroundRefractory and relapsed multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains a clinical challenge. We compared the progression-free survival (PFS) of RRMM patients treated with lenalidomide and low dose dexamethasone plus elotuzumab or carfilzomib (ELD vs. CLD), using reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) based on two published trials reports.MethodsWe extracted data of study-level characteristics from original trial reports. We evaluated the comparability between the two treatment groups in terms of baseline status. Digitization of PFS Kaplan-Meier curves, reconstruction of IPD data, and subsequent survival analysis were performed. Distribution of progression and death events over time was visualized as histograms and corresponding kernel density lines, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsSignificant difference in race and disease stage distribution was found (P < 0.0001). Higher proportion of white patients and patients with advanced disease in the carfilzomib group was identified. Survival analysis revealed better PFS in the carfilzomib group (elotuzumab group vs. carfilzomib group: HR = 1.36, 95% CI = [1.11-1.67]).ConclusionThe CLD regimen may result in better PFS as compared with the ELD regimen in RRMM patients.

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