• Chae Hyeong Lee, Eun Jung Kim, Min Hee Lee, Ga Won Yim, Kyeong Joon Kim, Kwang Ki Kim, Eo Jin Kim, and Ju Won Roh.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
• J. Korean Med. Sci. 2020 Jun 22; 35 (24): e207.

AbstractAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a potentially life-threatening but reversible autoimmune disorder characterized by psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, speech dysfunction, seizures, movement disorder, decreased level of consciousness, and autonomic dysfunction or central hypoventilation. It occurs predominantly in young women and approximately half of them have underlying tumors, mainly ovarian teratoma. A 24-year old woman was admitted because of fever, headache, abnormal movement and decreased mental status. Five cycles of plasmapheresis improved her neurological and mental status. Anti-NMDAR antibodies in her CSF and serum were positive, and computed tomography revealed a 1-cm sized mass suggestive of mature cystic teratoma arising from the right ovary. We promptly performed laparoscopic right ovarian cystectomy. She was discharged after 2 weeks with mild memory deficit. Prompt removal of ovarian teratoma and multidisciplinary care are particularly important for good outcome.© 2020 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

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