• Ch Christofidis, A Anastasiou, E Krasnikova, Ch Mandros, and E Potolidis.
• Second Internal Medicine Department, Volos General Hospital, Volos, Greece.
• Hippokratia. 2019 Jul 1; 23 (3): 131-134.

BackgroundPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological syndrome, which is presented with headache, seizures, altered mental consciousness, and visual disturbances, and is characterized by white matter vasogenic edema, predominantly affecting the posterior occipital and parietal lobes of the brain. This clinical syndrome is increasingly recognized due to the improvement and availability of brain imaging and, more specifically, magnetic resonance imaging.Case ReportWe report the case of an otherwise healthy 20-year-old female who presented with fever, headache, and generalized arthralgia, raising the suspicion of Neisseria meningitidis serotype B meningitis, which was later complicated by PRES. The patient was treated with the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam, mannitol, and dexamethasone. Her mental status was completely restored in 3-4 days after the initiation of the treatment for PRES and was characterized by rapid clinical recovery.ConclusionPRES is a neurotoxic state characterized by a unique brain imaging pattern typically associated with a number of complex clinical conditions including infection, sepsis, and shock. The syndrome should be promptly recognized since it is reversible and treatable. HIPPOKRATIA 2019, 23(2): 131-134.Copyright 2019, Hippokratio General Hospital of Thessaloniki.

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