• Szu-Ju Chen, Shin-Joe Yeh, Sung-Chun Tang, Shin-Yi Lin, Li-Kai Tsai, and Jiann-Shing Jeng.
• Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Electronic address: szujuc@gmail.com.
• J Formos Med Assoc. 2020 Jan 1; 119 (1 Pt 1): 106-112.

BackgroundThe application of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) reduces the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in comparison with vitamin K antagonist (VKA). However, the features and outcomes of NOAC-associated ICH are still unclear, especially for Asian populations.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 49 consecutive patients who had spontaneous ICH while using NOAC or VKA. We compared the clinical characteristics, ICH volume, 7-day and 3-month mortality, and functional outcomes at discharge and 3 months post-stroke using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) between NOAC- and VKA-associated ICH. The clinical features, ICH volume, ICH location, and/or treatment methods were statistically adjusted.ResultsAmong the 49 ICH patients, 15 (30.6%) were using NOAC and 34 (69.4%) were taking VKA. There were no significant differences in the initial ICH volume between groups (mean volume 34.2 ± 43.8 vs. 59.4 ± 46.5 mL, p = 0.061). The percentage of early mortality (within 7 days post-ICH) was significantly lower in the NOAC group (13.3% vs. 44.1%; p = 0.047), but the 3-month mortality was similar (33.3% vs. 47.1%; p = 0.294). The functional outcome was equally poor in both groups at discharge (p = 0.670) and 3 months post-ICH (mean mRS score 4.7 ± 1.3 vs. 4.6 ± 1.7, p = 0.766).ConclusionThere were no significant differences in initial ICH volume, 90-day mortality, or functional outcomes between NOAC and VKA-associated ICH in Asians.Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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