• Patricia S Andrews, Sophia Wang, Anthony J Perkins, Sujuan Gao, Sikandar Khan, Heidi Lindroth, Malaz Boustani, and Babar Khan.
• About the Authors: Patricia S. Andrews is an assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
• Am. J. Crit. Care. 2020 Jul 1; 29 (4): 311-317.

BackgroundCritical care patients with delirium are at an increased risk of functional decline and mortality long term.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between delirium severity in the intensive care unit and mortality and acute health care utilization within 2 years after hospital discharge.MethodsA secondary data analysis of the Pharmacological Management of Delirium and Deprescribe randomized controlled trials. Patients were assessed twice daily for delirium or coma using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Delirium severity was measured using the CAM-ICU-7. Mean delirium severity (from time of randomization to discharge) was categorized as rapidly resolving, mild to moderate, or severe. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model time to death, first emergency department visit, and rehospitalization. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, discharge location, diagnosis, and intensive care unit type.ResultsOf 434 patients, those with severe delirium had higher mortality risk than those with rapidly resolving delirium (hazard ratio 2.21; 95% CI, 1.35-3.61). Those with 5 or more days of delirium or coma had higher mortality risk than those with less than 5 days (hazard ratio 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07-2.17). Delirium severity and number of days of delirium or coma were not associated with time to emergency department visits and rehospitalizations.ConclusionIncreased delirium severity and days of delirium or coma are associated with higher mortality risk 2 years after discharge.© 2020 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

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