• Verónica Tíscar-González, Denise Gastaldo, Maria Teresa Moreno-Casbas, Elizabeth Peter, Ascensión Rodriguez-Molinuevo, and Montserrat Gea-Sánchez.
• Unidad de Docencia e Investigación de Enfermería de la OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Servicio Vasco de Salud (Osakidetza), Bilbao, Vizcaya, España. Electronic address: veronica.tiscargonzalez@osakidetza.eus.
• Aten Primaria. 2019 May 1; 51 (5): 269-277.

ObjectiveTo determine the perception of nurses, doctors, patients and family or relatives being present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in adult patients.DesignA qualitative exploratory study and thematic analysis were developed. SITE: Primary Care, Hospital Care and Emergency Service of the Basque Health Service.ParticipantsThe selection of the participants was made through intentional sampling. Four focus groups were developed: one of patients and family, 2 of nurses, and one of physicians.MethodThematic analysis was performed. Triangulation techniques were used between investigators and investigator-participant member. The Open code 4.1 statistics software was used.ResultsThree significant categories were identified: the impact on the family; the weight of ethical and legal responsibility; power, place of death, and cultural assumptions.ConclusionsCPR is a social construct influenced by values which are situated in specific socio-cultural contexts. In this study, patients and family members describe the fear and resistance to being present during CPR. Health professionals consider that their decision is complex, and each case must be assessed independently, and patients and relatives must be integrated into decision-making. Future research should explore in greater depth the subjective experience of relatives who have witnessed CPR and the impact of contextual and sociocultural elements from the perspectives of relatives.Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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